ON SS. LUCIA AND COMPANIONS.
WHO SUFFERED AT THESSALONICA, OR IN PART AT ROME.
Knowledge of the names from the old Martyrologies.
Lucia, Virgin, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Aucia, King, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Rogatus, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Germanus, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Silvanus, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Bullodus, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Cecilia, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Tertulus, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Lauta, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Victoria, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Gagus, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Fortunatus, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Maxima, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Paulina, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Appia, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Castulus, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Coteusa, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Novella, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Agapa, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Carra, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Ururia, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Bublasa, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Fortunatus II, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Martinus, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Saturninus, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Bajanus, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Rogatianus, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Honoratus, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Donatus, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Martianus, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Saturninus II, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Potinus, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Paulus, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Petrurius, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Rutilia, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Flavius, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Quietia, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Januaria, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Novella, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Januarius, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Gosia, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Fœdosa, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Victorina, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Matrona, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Castula II, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Rogatiana, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Quintus, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Marcus, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Gemina, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Martialis, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Mitunus, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Paulus, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Vericus, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Cassus, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Saturninus III, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Felix, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Martinus II, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Donatus II, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Rogatus II, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Joannes, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Fortunatus III, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Donatianus, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Marcianus II, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Sailes, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Castus, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Januarius II, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Donatus III, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Hortensus, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Saturnina, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Malchus, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Silvanus II, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Quintus II, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Felicia, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Sillesia, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Januaria II, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Fortunata, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Victuria, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Maria, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Prima, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Gemellina, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Faustina, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Novella II, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Donata, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Getulia, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Baricus, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Urbana, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Romana, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Prima, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Tertula, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Casta, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Maxima II, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Urbana II, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Optata, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Matrona II, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Melosa, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Metunus, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Majorus, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Secunda, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Urbana III, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Gemellina III, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Saturnina II, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Procusa, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Surdida, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Silvana, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Rufina, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Nina, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Sepacus, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Vincentius, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Priscus, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Hilarus, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Felix II, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Castula III, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Publius, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Arabus, and 120 others, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Lupus, and 13 others, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Catulinus, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Publasus, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Martinus, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Gajanus, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Marcellianus, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Fledus, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Marcellianus II, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Marcus, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Castus II, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Major, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Proculus, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Epagatus, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Tertius, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Sillica, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Fertula, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Majosa, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Timotheus, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Marcellinus, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Rutilus, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Germanus II, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Joannes II, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Maxima, Martyr at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (St.) Another 75 or 172, Martyrs at Thessalonica, or in part at Rome (SS.)
BY THE AUTHOR G. H.
Thessalonica, a most famous city of Macedonia, most well-known from the journey and double Epistle of St. Paul, afterward Archiepiscopal, even now ample, populous, and rich, with a most convenient harbor in the innermost recess of the Thermaic gulf, was wrested from the Venetians by Murad the second, Emperor of the Turks, around the year 1432. To this city is ascribed a cohort of Martyrs, of mixed sex, more than three hundred: Martyrs ascribed to Thessalonica: of whom one hundred thirty-eight names are celebrated in the old Martyrology of St. Jerome, from three copies especially, namely the Epternach, the Corbie, and the Lucca; in the fourth copy, the Blume, the names of very many Saints are lacking, omitted by the copyist. We shall divide these Martyrs as it were under their Deans into Decades, so that if we observe anything to be noted, it may more easily be perceived by the reader.
[2] Thus, then, the four originals begin: At Thessalonica, of Lucia the Virgin, and of Aucia the King, of Rogatus, Germanus, Silvanus, Bullodus, Cecilia, Tertulus, Lauta, Victoria. In the leader of the whole cohort all the copies of the said Martyrology agree. In the Manuscripts of Augsburg of St. Udalric and of Paris of Labbe these things are read: At Thessalonica, of Octavius, of Lucia. Concerning St. Octavius we treated above. The Manuscripts of Trier, of St. Maximinus, of Monte Cassino, and of Altemps; At Thessalonica, of St. Lucia the Virgin. The Manuscript of the Queen of Sweden published by Holstenius: At Thessalonica, of Luceia the Virgin and of Euceria the King, and of many others. Lucia the Virgin and Aucia the King. Notker ascribed the same to Rome, and by him it is called the Nativity of Lycia the Virgin and of Auceia King of the Barbarians, of Rogatus, Germanus, Silvanus, with more than three hundred others. The Vatican Manuscript of St. Peter, in the Supplement to the genuine Martyrology of Bede, published by us before volume 2 of March, has thus: At Thessalonica, of Lucia the Virgin, and of Aucega Queen of the Barbarians. In the Epternach and Blume copies it is read, of Aucia the King; in the Corbie one, of Auceia the barbarian King; in the Lucca one, of Acacius King of the Barbarians. Again on December 18, in the same Lucca one it is read, At Rome, of Luca the Virgin and of Auceia the King; and in the said Corbie one, At Rome, of Lucia the Martyr and of Auceia the King. But these things are lacking on such a day and month in the most ancient Epternach Manuscript, so that they seem perhaps to have been thrust in there in an undue manner. Again below, on June 25, to Thessalonica is attributed the memory of Luceia the Virgin and Aceia the King, in the Corbie and Blume copies; but of Luceia the Virgin alone in the Epternach; and also, of Lucela the Virgin, and of Accia the Virgin in the Lucca one, but by the fault of the copyists. Meanwhile on the said June 25 the same things are had in Rabanus, Notker, and the author of the Martyrology printed under the name of Bede, and are attributed to Rome; where in Ado and in the Roman Martyrology only Lucia the Virgin. We have some Acts of St. Lucia the Virgin, carried off by a King; who, having returned with him, was crowned with martyrdom at Rome; but whether perhaps at Thessalonica, and thence translated to Rome, is not clear. or were they rather crowned at Rome? Meanwhile, about to treat of these things more accurately on the said June 25, here we leave the old Martyrologies in their vigor. But what if Aucias the King, conquered and captured in some battle by the Romans, came to Thessalonica: and thence was sent as it were in triumph to Rome, with Lucia and a small company, the rest of the fellow-captives crowned at Thessalonica; and so to this place are attributed also the King with Lucia the Virgin? This indeed would most please us. But let us proceed to the Companions.
I, II, III, IV, V,
[3] The mention of Rogatus, Germanus, and Silvanus is in all the copies, the Decade without any change; as also in Notker. Bullodus is also written Bulodius; as Cecilia also Cicilia. Tertulus and Lauta are preserved with unvaried spelling everywhere: but in place of Victoria, there is also Victuria and Victuri. The class of the second Decade is made by Sts. Gagus, Fortunatus, Maxima, Rogata, Paulina, Appia, Castula, Coteusa, Novella, Agapa. But elsewhere are read the names of Gaius or Egatus, Fortunata, Maximus, and Agapia, in place of Appia: but Castula is lacking in the Epternach one, yet is in the other three: and in place of Coteusa there is also the name Coteusus. The third Decade is constituted by Sts. Carra, Ururia, Bublasa, Fortunatus, Martinus, Saturninus, Bajanus, Rogatianus, Honoratus, Donatus. For various readings let the written names of Cassa, Bublassa, Marcianus, Rogatiana serve. But the memory of Rogatianus is celebrated also in the Manuscripts of Prague, of Liège of St. Laurence, of Trier of St. Maximinus, and in the Manuscript Florarium, where there is added to the above-related Lucia the title of Virgin, and she herself is ascribed to Thessalonica. In the Manuscript of Reichenau there is mention of Honoratus and Donatus. But the name of St. Fortunatus is in a certain Calendar placed before the works of St. Isidore, preserved in the Vallicellan library. In the series of the fourth Decade are placed Sts. Marcianus, Saturninus, Potinus, Paulus, Petrunius, Rutilia, Flavius, Quietia, Januaria, Novella. And with a varied reading is found Probus for Paulus: then Perunius, Notilia, Quinta, Januarius, Novellius. The order of the fifth Decade is held by Sts. Januarius, Gosia, Fædosa, Victorina, Matrona, Castula, Rogatiana, Quintus, Marcus, Gemina: but with a varying writing are read the names of Januaria, Gogosia and Sotia, Falosa, Victorina, Castulus and Gastula, likewise Gemma for Gemina. But after Matrona twenty-two Martyrs are lacking in the Blume Manuscript.
VI, VII,
[4] In the sixth Decade are named Sts. Martialis, Mitumus, likewise Paulus, Vericius, Cassus, likewise Saturninus, Felix, likewise Martinus, Donatus, likewise Rogatus. But with another writing are read Martianus and Rogata: and the name of Felix is lacking in the Epternach Manuscript. The handful of the seventh Decade, Sts. Joannes, Fortunatus, Donatianus; likewise Marcianus, Sailis, Castus; likewise Januarius; likewise Donatus, Hortensus; likewise Saturnina. The name of Joannes is lacking in the Lucca copy: and with a varying reading proceed the words Fortunata, Sanlis, Ortiensis and Horninsis. Castus is joined to St. Lucia in the Manuscripts of Aachen, of Augsburg, and of Paris of Labbe; likewise in Greven in the Supplement of Usuard. But here followed the repeated name of Martinus, but in the Corbie copy alone, which we omit.
VIII, IX, X, XI, XII,
[5] The order of the eighth Decade is this, Sts. Malchus, Silvanus; likewise Quintus, Felicia, Sillesia; likewise Januaria, Fortunata, Victuria, Maria, Prima. For various readings are the names of Quintinus and Matria, in place of Quintus and Maria. To the ninth Decade are attributed, Sts. Gemellina, Faustina; likewise Novella, Donata, Getulla, Baricus, Urbana, Romana, Prima; likewise Tertula. There was added, besides Gemellina, also Gemella in the Lucca one alone; which we have omitted: and after Gemellina again fifteen names were lacking in the Blume copy: and in the others the readings vary, Getulus and Zetula; Primia, and Tertulla; in place of Getulla, Prima, and Tertula. For Faustina also it seems that Faustinus with companions is read in the Manuscripts of Utrecht and of Trier; the former of St. Mary, the latter of St. Martin. Let the tenth Decade be made for you by Sts. Casta and Maxima; likewise Urbana, Optata, Matrona, Melosa, Metunius, Majorus, Secunda, Urbana. Meanwhile the names are variously expressed, Orbanus, Mittunus, Melosus, Secundica or Secundus; in place of Urbana, Metunus, Majorus, and Secunda. The name of Urbana also was twice in the Lucca one alone. To the class of the eleventh Decade are to be attributed, Sts. Gemellina, Saturnina, Procula, Surdida, Silvana, Rufina, with the anonymous others: Nina, Sepacus, Vincentius, Priscus. There is another writing Julus, Gordida, Niva; in place of Procula, Surdida, Nina. The name of Priscus is in a Manuscript Calendar before the Psalter of St. Isidore. Let the twelfth troop be of the following, Sts. Hilarus, Felix, Castula, Publius, Arabus, with another hundred twenty, Lupus, with another 13. Of these in the Manuscript of Augsburg of St. Udalric there is mention of Sts. Castulus, Arabus, and another 120; but of Castula, Publius, and Arabus also in the Manuscript of Paris of Labbe. Likewise of Lupus, in the same and in the Aachen Manuscript, and in Greven's Supplement to Usuard: in which there is also mention of Publius.
XIII, XIV
[6] The thirteenth handful of ten heads rises from the names of Sts. Catulinus, Publasus, Martinus, Gajanus, Marcellinus, Fledus; likewise Martianus, Marcellinus, Castus. For the fourteenth Decade are had the names, Sts. Proculus, Epagatus, Tertius, Sillina, Fertula, Majosa, Timotheus, Marcellinus, Rotilus, Germanus; where another reading has Pagatus, Tertulla and Festula, Rutilus and Rogatus, in place of Epagatus, Fertula, and Rotilus. Finally for the conclusion remains the Memory of Joannes and Maxima, with another hundred sixty-two. So the Epternach copy; but the Lucca one, of Johannes, Maximus, with another 75; which number the Blume Manuscript also has, and the name of Maxima with the Epternach; which name is lacking in the Corbie one, again the anonymous, and there are subjoined another ninety. In the very old Martyrology of Gellone, or of St. William of the Desert, published by Luc d'Achery in volume 13 of the Spicilegium, these things are read. On the Kalends of June, At Thessalonica, of Octavius, Lucia, Castus, Publius, Lupus, Crispinus, Claudius, Maxima, and the Manuscript Codices of the Abbey of St. Gall agree, and another Manuscript with which d'Achery collated his; and with others interposed there are added the names of Castula and Arabus, concerning whom we treat here: there is added also in the same place the name of Romanus, with a punctuation; so that another Martyr seems to be understood; but because Romana the Martyr was among the rest, thence the name of Romanus seems to have been formed.