ON THE HOLY MARTYRS OF ANTIOCH: VICTOR, ADRIAN, PAMPHILUS, PALATUS, MARTUS, SATURNINUS, JUSTUS, LUCOSA, LIKEWISE SATURNINUS, MARTINUS, PETER, CHARIATTON, MARCIUS, AND 22 OTHERS.
CommentaryVictor, Martyr at Antioch (St.)
Adrian, Martyr at Antioch (St.)
Pamphilus, Martyr at Antioch (St.)
Martus, Martyr at Antioch (St.)
Saturninus, Martyr at Antioch (St.)
Justus, Martyr at Antioch (St.)
Lucosa, Martyr at Antioch (St.)
Saturninus the Second, Martyr at Antioch (St.)
Martinus, Martyr at Antioch (St.)
Peter, Martyr at Antioch (St.)
Chariatton, Martyr at Antioch (St.)
Marcius, Martyr at Antioch (St.)
XXII Companions, Martyrs at Antioch
[1] This illustrious troop of Antiochene Martyrs is presented by the most ancient Martyrologies of St. Jerome, and the Lucca manuscript with these words: Likewise at Antioch, of Victor, Adrian, Martyrs who suffered at Antioch, from the Martyrologies of St. Jerome, Pamphilus, Palomarti, Saturninus, Justus, Syria, Saturni, Martinus, Peter, Chariaton, Satyrus, Marcius, and 22 others, and of Barbalabea. These are thus read in our manuscript: Likewise at Antioch, of Victor, Arrianus, Pamphilus, Eusebius, Antioch. Syria, Saturninus, Justus, Carus, Atton, Peter, Saturninus. Elsewhere Martinus, Marcus, and 22 others in number. Barbalabea. In the third Martyrology of St. Jerome printed at Paris, these are thus read: Antioch, of Victor, Adrian, Pamphilus, Palatus, Martus. At Antioch, of Saturninus, Justus, Lucosa, Syria, Saturninus, Martinus, Peter, Cariathon. Likewise of Saturninus, Marcius, and 12 other Martyrs, and of Barbalabea. The Blumian manuscript has these: Antioch, of Victor, Adrian, Pamphilus, Palomarti; At Antioch, of Saturninus, Martinus, Peter, Charioton, Saturninus, Marcius, and 12 others. And of Barbalabea. Thus far the four Martyrologies of St. Jerome, somewhat discrepant through the fault of copyists. And first, instead of Antiochi, in others it is better read: Likewise at Antioch, because it had already been treated concerning St. Phocas the Antiochene Martyr, but with the African Martyrs Peter, Eusebius, Rusticus, Herebus, Mares, Palatinus, and nine others interposed. Hence Antiochi should not be appended as the name of a Martyr, but rather Likewise at Antioch, and what is then repeated about Antioch should be deleted, as it is absent in the Lucca codex.
[2] The leader therefore of these Athletes was Victor, also recorded in the manuscript codices of Reichenau, Tournai, Laetia, and many of them in various other sources. Augsburg, and Labbé, together with the printed Galesinius, but mingled with other Martyrs. In the Aachen manuscript, mention is made of these fellow soldiers: At Antioch, the passion of St. Phocas (about whom we said he is treated separately), Victor, Adrian, Pamphilus, Syria, Saturninus, Weland. Hermann Greve in his additions to Usuard has thus: Likewise of Victor, Pamphilus, Syria, Saturninus, Peter. Notker, omitting the earlier ones, marks some thus: Likewise at Antioch, of Saturninus, Castus, Syria. Likewise of Saturninus, Martinus, Peter, and not a few others. The manuscript of Queen Christina of Sweden, and from it Holstenius: At Antioch, Syria, Saturninus, Justus, Peter. The manuscripts of Reichenau, Augsburg, and Labbé also mention Saturninus, Marcus, and Martinus. In the manuscript of St. Maximin, with Saturninus omitted, mention is made of Marcus, Peter, and Martinus; but Saturninus is mentioned separately in the manuscript Florarium Sanctorum and the manuscript of Ado from the monastery of St. Laurence at Liège. In the manuscript of Aquileia and in that of St. Lambert at Liège: Likewise of SS. Eusebius and Saturninus. But we do not think Eusebius belongs here, even though he is inscribed in one manuscript of the Hieronymian tradition above; but both Eusebiuses are absent, being counted by others among the African Martyrs of both classes.
[3] The reading of some names varies, and instead of Victor in a single manuscript there is Victorius. Names variously written. He who is Adrian in three codices is Arrianus in another and Adriadus in yet another. Pamphilus is also called Pampilus. But instead of one Palomarti there is a division into two, reading Palati and Marti. Three Saturnines are named in the Hieronymian text printed at Paris; in the Lucca text, instead of two, Saturnus and Satyrus are read, but the second Saturninus should be retained, because the little word Item Saturninus indicates that the name is repeated, as it also reads in three others. Between Saturninus and Syria, Justus is interposed in the Hieronymians, with Lucosa appended to one. But Notker, instead of Justus, published Castus. What is Syria in four, is Syrus in two; Martinus and Peter are repeated seven times in the same manner. But instead of Cariothon, Chariaton is written, and with the name divided, Cari and Atton. Finally it reads Marcius, Martius, and Marcus. The number of Martyrs added is 22, elsewhere 12, elsewhere 17, and in Galesinius 300.
[4] Weland is added from the Aachen manuscript. But a greater difficulty arises from the name Barbalabea, or Barbalabea, Weland and Barbalabea omitted. found in four Hieronymian sources. Barbalabea is also repeated in the Index of Saints in Dachery's Martyrology; but whether it pertains to the Antiochene Martyrs can also be doubted. It suffices to have indicated this to the reader; we have omitted both names in the title until some more certain monument is obtained. For Weland is a Germanic name, and Barbalabea appears to be a corrupted word, appended out of order after the 12 anonymous ones.