Cyrinus Or Quirinus

ON SAINT CYRINUS OR QUIRINUS, MARTYR AT ROME, IN THE YEAR 269.

Preliminary Commentary.

Cyrinus or Quirinus, Roman Martyr, at Tegernsee in Bavaria (S.)

§ I. The Acts and Time of his Martyrdom. Sacred Veneration.

[1] We published on January 19, from several ancient manuscripts, the Acts of Saints Marius, Martha, Audifax, and Abachum, which are often called the Acts of the martyrdom of Saint Valentine the Priest and Martyr, [The memorial of Saint Cyrinus in the Acts of Saints Marius, Martha, and their sons:] whose birthday falls on February 14, since from the division we made, the entire second chapter contains the confession and miracles of the same Saint Valentine, whose death, like that of Marius, Martha, and their sons, is explained in chapter four: but in chapters 1 and 3 various matters about other Martyrs are inserted, and first of all these Acts begin with Saint Cyrinus or Quirinus, and they are as follows.

[2] "In the time of Claudius there came a certain man from the regions of Persia, named Marius, they visit him in prison, with his wife Martha and his sons Audifax and Abacuc, most Christian men, to pray at the tombs of the Apostles. Coming to Rome, they began to seek out the bodies of the Saints through prisons and tombs. And while they frequently, diligently, and carefully searched, coming to the Camp across the Tiber, he suffered much: they found in prison a venerable man named Cyrinus, who had already endured many beatings for the name of Christ, and had been stripped of all his possessions entirely. Coming to him, Marius and his wife Martha with their two sons Audifax and Abacuc cast themselves at his feet, that he might pray for them: and there they remained for eight days. And they began to minister to Blessed Cyrinus from their own means, and to wash his feet, and those of the others who were bound in chains: he is assisted: and to pour the same water over their own heads and the heads of their sons.

[3] At the same time Claudius ordered that if any Christians were found, whether in public or in custody, they should be punished without interrogation... He began to search diligently for Marius and his wife Martha, killed by the sword, and did not find them: because they were secretly burying those killed for Christ's name. Coming to Rome, they went to the Camp seeking Blessed Cyrinus: not finding him, they were exceedingly saddened. They found, however, a certain Priest, found, named Pastor, who also told them all the things that had happened, and how Blessed Cyrinus had been killed by the sword at night, and his body had been thrown into the Tiber, and his body remained on the island of Lycaonia. Going therefore at night with his household and Blessed Pastor, buried. they collected his body, and buried him in the cemetery of Pontianus in the crypt, on the eighth before the Kalends of April."

[4] Thus far those Acts: in which the Claudius named is the second of this name, The reign of Claudius II. who from about March 21 under the Consuls Ovinius Paternus II and Marinianus, that is, in the year of Christ 268, reigned for nearly two years. Saint Cyrinus was detained and killed across the Tiber in the fourteenth region, where the old Camp and the Camp of the litter-bearers were located. The Camp across the Tiber, Not far from there was the Lycaonian Island, commonly called the Tiber Island, popularly the Island of Saint Bartholomew, on account of the church sacred to him there. the Lycaonian island: How it first coalesced, when a harvest of grain was thrown into the Tiber and covered with mud, Livy narrates in decade 1 of his Roman History at the beginning of the second book. Near the same Transtiberine region is the Porta Portuensis and the Via Portuensis, leading to the port of Ostia, also called Navalis from the nearby ships. On this road, at the Sign of the Capped Bear, was the cemetery of Pontianus, the cemetery of Pontianus. or of the holy Martyrs Abdon and Sennen, in which the body of Saint Quirinus the Martyr was then buried.

[5] The genuine Martyrology of Bede at the eighth before the Kalends of April contains these words about this Martyr from the cited Acts: "At Rome, of Cyrinus, Sacred veneration on March 25, who was killed by Claudius and thrown into the Tiber, found on the Lycaonian island, and interred in the cemetery of Pontianus. Written in the Passion of Saint Valentine." The same words are read in Ado, Rabanus, Notker, and in several manuscripts. Usuard sets forth his martyrdom more fully from the same Acts: "At Rome," he says, "of Saint Cyrinus the Martyr, who, after the loss of his possessions by King Claudius, after the squalor of prison, after the affliction of beatings, was killed by the sword." Similar words are also read in Bellinus, Maurolycus, and Galesinius, though in altered phrasing. In today's Roman Martyrology these words are found: "At Rome, Saint Quirinus the Martyr, who under the Emperor Claudius, after the loss of his possessions, after the squalor of prison, after the affliction of many beatings, was killed by the sword and thrown into the Tiber: whom the Christians, finding him on the Lycaonian island, buried in the cemetery of Pontianus." Peter de Natalibus, cited by Baronius in his Notes, book 3, chapter 232, has an epitome extracted from the Acts of Saints Marius, Martha, and their sons, which he cites: at the end, however, he asserts he was buried on the seventh before the Kalends of April: the 26th, on which day both Maurolycus and Herman Greuen in their Supplement to Usuard report the same under the name Quirinus along with Peter, having reported both under the name Cyrinus on this day. The Acts of Saints Marius, Martha, and their sons, which are found in the ancient codex of the monastery of Saint Maximin near Trier, and March 24. assert he was buried on the ninth before the Kalends of April, that is, March 24, on which day also, but almost without eulogy, he is reported in the manuscript Martyrologies of Richeberg, Reichenau, Augsburg Saint Ulrich's, Trier Saint Martin's, and Aachen.

[6] Ferrarius in his Catalogue of the Saints of Italy, after a brief summary of his Life, notes that his body is said to rest in the church of Saint Mary in the Campus Martius. Whether some Relics are preserved at Rome? But Octavius Pancirolus in his Hidden Treasury of the Holy City of Rome asserts that the head preserved there is not of this Quirinus, but of Quirinus the Bishop and Martyr, and that his body is in the church of Saint Mary in Trastevere: and he believes that some Relics of this one, of whom we now treat, are honored in the church of Saint Sylvester, also situated in the said Campus Martius. But one should not place too much trust in similar narratives, which often rest on conjectures rather than on the authority of the ancients.

§ II. The body of Saint Quirinus translated to the Tegernsee monastery of Bavaria.

[7] The Tegernsee monastery, most powerful and most ample, of the Benedictine Order, The Tegernsee monastery, is situated in Upper Bavaria on the borders of the County of Tyrol, between the rivers Isar and Inn, in the mountain passes of the Alps at Lake Tegernsee, called by some Lake Tigurinum: whose Prelate surpasses all the Abbots of Bavaria in dignity, and in the manner of Princes has perpetual officials of the equestrian Order: and the monastery itself is furnished with a moat, walls, artillery, and other such equipment, and also fortified and adorned with various diplomas of Emperors, Kings, and Princes, and Bulls of Supreme Pontiffs. Of these, Pope Eugene III in the year of Christ 1150 writes to his beloved sons Conrad, Abbot of the monastery of Blessed Quirinus, called the monastery of Saint Quirinus in Papal Bulls, by the lake of Tegernsee, and to his Brothers both present and future who have professed the regular life, and after certain intervening matters, states that the aforementioned monastery, which indeed was constructed on their own property by the noble men Adalbert and Occarius, blood brothers and illustrious Counts, and adorned with the ancient privileges of the Roman Emperors, namely of Pippin, Charles, and Louis: in which the body of Blessed Quirinus, obtained from our predecessor of holy memory, Zacharias, the Roman Pontiff, is said to rest, on account of the body of this saint brought thither, we take under the protection of Blessed Peter and our own, etc. Similar statements are found in the Bulls of Pope Alexander III and Pope Urban III, dated 1178 and 1186 respectively. Emperor Otto II in a privilege dated 979 praises the monastery, called Tegarinsee, which two blood brothers and illustrious Counts founded on their own patrimony and from their own resources, in the time of Pippin, King of the Franks, with his permission, and commended it to the royal protection, fortified with the privileges of Emperors, and the same brothers Adalbert and Otgarius, having obtained the body of Blessed Quirinus the Martyr from the holy Pope Zacharias, made it venerable: where, having given over all their patrimony, having laid down the hair of their heads and taken the monastic habit, one of the two Brothers, Adalbert by name, became the first Abbot of one hundred and fifty monks in that same place. These were indeed the principal and royal abbey, and distinguished by very many religious Abbots, strengthened by the privileges of the predecessor Kings, namely Pippin, Charles the Great, Louis, and Carloman, and immune from the jurisdiction of all persons, etc. Similar statements are found in other later Emperors, whose diplomas or privileges, as well as Papal Bulls, are found in Hundius and Gewoldus, volume 3 of the Metropolis of Salzburg, in the foundation of the Tegernsee monastery, from page 389 to page 410, and in Charles Stengelius in his Monasteriologia. A splendid engraving of the said monastery and Lake Tegernsee was published by Matthew Merian in his Topography of Bavaria, depicted by Merian. where he also shows a certain church of Saint Quirinus on the side, some leagues distant from the monastery toward the north. Gabriel Bucelinus in his Sacred Germany, p. 85, writes that in the Tegernsee monastery the body of Saint Quirinus, King and Martyr, is venerated there, or rather, according to Metellus, one born of a father who was Caesar, a despiser of the age and kingdom. In the manuscript Martyrology, very ancient, of the Church of Aachen, at March 24 is reported the Birthday of Saint Quirinus "at the two old men." These last words were corruptly translated from a German phrase.

Merian writes in German that the said monastery of Saint Quirinus is situated "Zwischen Zwegen Seen, dem Schliersee, und Tegernsee," between two lakes, Schliersee and Tegernsee.

[8] In the said Tegernsee monastery of Saint Quirinus, around the one thousand one hundred and sixtieth year of Christ, there flourished Metellus the monk, who describes the deeds of Saint Quirinus in an entire book of songs and calls them the Quirinalia: The verse work of Metellus, a copy of which from the manuscript codex of the said Tegernsee monastery was in the possession of Marcus Velserus, Duumvir of Augsburg, which, received from him, Henry Canisius published in the Appendix of volume 1 of his Ancient Readings, from p. 35 to p. 184. This Poet treats in his first five odes of the Emperor Philip, concerning Saint Quirinus: killed in the year of Christ 249 together with his son, also named Philip, and identifies Saint Quirinus as a son of the latter and brother of the former, and states that after the death of his father he was a boy of seven years, and was then baptized with his mother, and that twenty years later he was adorned with the palm of martyrdom under Claudius II: all of which is completed in another five odes. Then follow eight odes containing the history of the translation of the sacred body from Rome to the said Tegernsee monastery. Afterwards are placed forty-six odes in which illustrious miracles wrought through the intercession of Saint Quirinus are celebrated. Finally, that work concludes with ten eclogues of the Bucolic Quirinalia, in which various miracles are again recounted, especially of peasants who were punished because they did not fulfill their vows.

[9] Having examined this poem, we judged that this entire history existed in prose before the time of Metellus: His Life is given in prose, transmitted by the monks of Tegernsee. which we dared to explore, writing to the Reverend Father Christopher Schorrer, Rector of the Munich College, whose extraordinary benevolence and singular affection toward these studies of ours on the Acts of the Saints we experienced both in Upper Germany itself, which Province he governed as both Provincial and Visitor; and especially at Rome, where as Assistant for Germany and, on account of the illness of the Very Reverend Father General Goswin Nickel, Vicar General, he received us and promoted our studies with every counsel and aid he could offer. He immediately wished to satisfy our desire in this matter, and dealt with the Most Reverend Abbot of the Tegernsee monastery, Ulrich Schwaiger, who is often present at Munich as an intimate Councillor to the Most Serene Elector, and with the most religious monks, also traveling to Tegernsee, and submitted this history of the martyrdom, translation, and miracles, which we give, received from the monks of Tegernsee, and which we collated with the poem of Metellus.

[10] There are various other Martyrs of this name, of whom Saint Quirinus the Tribune, baptized by Pope Saint Alexander, is venerated on March 30, Another Saint Quirinus is venerated on March 30, whose body is preserved with great veneration at Neuss in the diocese of Cologne. Another was Quirinus, Bishop of Siscia in Illyricum, cast into a river with a millstone tied to his neck: whose martyrdom Prudentius sang in a sacred hymn, and whose fuller Acts Mombritius published, to be compared and illustrated with others on June 4. another on June 4, Concerning this sacred body there is great controversy: and first in the Milanese Breviary, published by order of Saint Charles Borromeo, whose body is said to be at Milan, the single Lesson which is recited about his martyrdom on June 4 in the Ecclesiastical Office states that his body was translated to Milan by Archbishop Heribert, who presided over that Church from the year 1019 to the year 1045. In the Acts published by Mombritius he is called Angilbert, who sat in the ninth century, by whom the said sacred body is said to have been carried from Rome and reverently placed in the monastery of Saint Vincent together with Saint Nicomedes with the greatest reverence. But on the other hand the people of Aquileia venerated on the same June 4 under the double rite Saint Quirinus the Bishop and Martyr, at Aquileia, who in the Lessons customarily recited at Matins is stated to have governed the Church of Aquileia, and from there, having traveled to Illyricum, to have deeply founded and established the Christian faith at Siscia, and to have been honored as the Pastor and Bishop of this city: whose body was finally brought to the Patriarch Poppo at Aquileia. Certainly the latter admits in a diploma found in Ughelli, volume 5 of Sacred Italy, column 52, that the body of Saint Quirinus the Martyr was brought to him in the year 1031 by two Roman Cardinal Bishops, and was placed in a small altar on the right side of the main altar. We found the said Lessons with the Calendar in manuscript at Rome in the library of the Fathers of the Congregation of the Oratory in the Vallicella. We transcribed other Lessons from a parchment codex in the church of Saint Mary in Trastevere, in the last of which, near the end, these words are read: "The body was then brought to Rome to the Catacombs, and finally deposited by Pope Innocent II in the church of Saint Mary in Trastevere." The said Pontiff sat from the year 1130 to the year 1143. and at Rome in the church of Saint Mary in Trastevere, Nor does the veneration of Saint Quirinus stop here, whom on the same June 4 under the double rite the Church of Vienna venerates as the Apostle of the Austrian region and the former Bishop of the city of Laureacum in Noricum (of which city, destroyed by Attila, a trace remains in the village of Lorch under the walls of the town of Enns), whom Raderus says in volume 1 of Holy Bavaria is said to have been Bishop of Laureacum and of Siscia, and even Patriarch of Aquileia: whose Life John Cuspinianus describes in his work on Austria, and says that his body was obtained from the Supreme Pontiff Zacharias and brought to the Tegernsee monastery: and in the Tegernsee monastery. which same things Gaspar Bruschius has in his Old Laureacum, and attempts to establish his opinion by the poem of Metellus the Tegernsee monk. Similar things are found in Wolfgang Lazius, book 2 of Viennese Affairs, chapter 2, whom Molanus cites and follows in his Annotation at June 4 of the Martyrology of Usuard which he edited, adding that by Metellus the whole Life of this Saint is most elegantly described in lyric songs of no small beauty. The same things are found in Hundius in the Metropolis of Salzburg concerning the Bishops of Laureacum. But these authors trusted the eyes of others, since what is described is not the Life of Saint Quirinus, Bishop of Laureacum, Aquileia, and Siscia in Illyricum, cast into a river with a millstone tied to his neck on June 4, but of Saint Quirinus or Cyrinus, killed at night by the sword in prison at Rome on the eighth before the Kalends of April.

[11] One thing remains to be investigated, which is attributed to both Quirinus: namely, whether he was born of the Emperor Philip as father. Cuspinianus, at the Consuls of Cassiodorus, Whether Saint Quirinus was born of the Emperor Philip as father. treating of the Emperor Philip and Titianus as Consul, comments thus: "I understand Philip here to be the father, the elder one. For he is read to have had two sons, Philip and Quirinus. And since the former is said to have been the first Christian and his wife Serena likewise Christian, Quirinus has been enrolled among the number of the Saints; and having been made Bishop of Laureacum, he converted the Austrians, who were then called Noricans, to the faith of Christ, and was therefore surnamed the Apostle of the Austrians: concerning whose life, character, and deeds in Austria we have written abundantly." But there, as we said, he more manifestly conflated both Quirinus into one. Raderus, cited above, relates that Quirinus of Laureacum was born of Philip the Elder, Prince of the Roman Empire, the first of all to venerate the Christian sacred rites from the Imperial height. But then he confesses that he has nowhere observed among the ancients that the elder Philip had twin children, Philip and Quirinus: for just as all eagerly affirm regarding Philip the son, so all are silent by consensus regarding Quirinus, so that he does not know whence the following age drew the tradition that this Quirinus was the son of Philip who reigned before Decius: nor have we thus far found more ancient authors by whose testimony we might confirm the monuments and tradition of the Tegernsee monks.

ACTS

Transmitted by the monks of Tegernsee.

Cyrinus or Quirinus, Roman Martyr, at Tegernsee in Bavaria (S.)

BOOK I.

The deeds of Saint Quirinus and the Translation of his body.

CHAPTER I.

Concerning the parents, life, and martyrdom of Saint Quirinus.

[1] In the year two hundred and forty-two from Christ's birth, and nine hundred and ninety-seven from the founding of the City, Marcus Julius Philip, Emperor Augustus, succeeding Gordian in the Empire, made his son Philip his partner in the kingdom. Then in the third year of his reign, which was also the one thousandth from the founding of the City, on the Kalends of January, Saint Quirinus born of the Emperor Philip as father the Caesar exhibited theatrical and circus games for viewing with the greatest array of things for three days in the Campus Martius, and also hunts, with beasts of every kind slaughtered. In the same year the Emperor Philip with his wife Serena, also called Genovefa, and their children Philip and Quirinus, and the whole household, was washed in the baptismal stream by Pope Fabian, baptized by Saint Fabian, the first of the Caesars to profess the name of Christ. And to prove the faith of his religion by example, on the very Easter vigils, when the sacred rites were being performed, being about to partake of the divine services, he was admonished by the Bishop of the place, and willingly stood among the penitents, and having made a confession of sins and fulfilled the imposed penance with the utmost submission of spirit, he offered public peace to the whole Church: and this at the writing and exhortation of Origen the father, who was then a most celebrated Doctor in Greece, and also of Pontius the Bishop and Martyr, who served as the same man's intermediary. But Decius, hostile to the Christian faith, after a successful military campaign in Gaul, bearing this ill, and after Philip was killed by Decius, ordered the Emperor Philip, who had come to meet him at Verona to congratulate him, to be secretly killed through an ambush of soldiers, with his head cut off above the teeth. Then returning to Rome, when the Senate had approved this deed on account of the ancestral rites of paganism, he negotiated with the Praetorians that Philip the son should be removed for the same reason: which having been accomplished, Decius, obtaining the Roman Empire from popular favor, inflamed by the capital hatred with which he had disagreed with Philip, raised a most savage persecution against the Church.

[2] For this reason the Empress Severa took her surviving son Quirinus, then seven years old, at age seven he hid with his mother Severa: to escape the tyranny of Decius, and for some time withdrew with the other Christians into secret underground hiding places, where, lurking until the time of the Caesar Claudius, she led a hidden life, consecrating the flower of his adolescence and youth to God Almighty, until the celebrity of his name and holiness, bursting forth from his hiding places, became known to all, the Most High thus manifesting his own.

[3] After some years had passed since the Philips were slaughtered, Flavius Claudius the second, having seized supreme power, in the year of the Lord two hundred and sixty-nine, or according to others in the seventieth and seventy-first year, under the Emperor Claudius II, raged most fiercely against the Christians, publishing an edict that all should be sought out and subjected to various punishments. When Blessed Quirinus was denounced both for his fame and the title of his royal dignity, he was subjected to interrogation: where immediately with a free voice he professed his most illustrious family, and asserted Christ as the true Son of God and his faith and religion. Since he could not be moved from this declaration by any blandishments or terrors, captured, he was stripped of all his possessions and resources, steadfast in faith amid blandishments and torments and moreover was most cruelly beaten in the presence of Claudius, and with the unconquered strength of his spirit, superior to all torments,

emerging superior, he was at last consigned to be wasted by hunger and starvation in a certain camp called Ravennatio across the Tiber, and committed to the strictest custody and chains. imprisoned in a dungeon:

[4] But at the same time there had come to Rome from Persia a most noble man named Marius, visited by Saints Marius and Martha. the son of the Emperor Maromeni, with his wife Martha, the daughter of the petty king Cusantes, together with their two children Audifaces and Habacuc, to venerate the holy Apostles. From there, having sought out the bodies of the Saints through prisons and tombs, and having beheld Saint Quirinus in custody, they fell at his feet and asked that he make God propitious to them: then, eight days having been spent in the duties of Christian piety, namely washing his feet and supplying other necessities of life, and pouring the water of ablution over the heads of the Saints, at last, when the Caesar's mandate was repeated that all Christians found anywhere, whether in the streets or in prisons, should be punished without any interrogation or distinction, it was resolved that Quirinus should be killed secretly in the silence of midnight, to avoid popular disturbances on account of his royal lineage. And so the Athlete of Christ, condemned to death, was beheaded at night in prison without judicial proceedings: killed secretly. and so that his death might escape everyone's notice, his body was thrown into the Tiber; The body is thrown into the Tiber which, having come ashore on the Lycaonian island, now called Saint Bartholomew's, was found by a certain Priest named Pastor, who informed those absent -- Marius and his companions -- of the things that had happened to the Martyr of God, and buried him in the cemetery of Pontianus in a crypt on the eighth before the Kalends of April, in the year two hundred and sixty-ninth: buried in the cemetery of Pontianus. where for four hundred and eighty-two years his body rested incorrupt and unharmed by decay until the time of Pippin, King of the Franks, the father of Charlemagne, illustrated to that point by divine prodigies and miracles, so that by all the Romans Saint Quirinus was held, by the excellence of veneration, second to none after the holy Apostles.

CHAPTER II.

On the Translation of Saint Quirinus the Martyr.

[5] In the time of Zacharias, the Supreme Pontiff, in the year of the Lord seven hundred and forty-six, there were in the regions of the Noricans two Most Illustrious Princes, both blood brothers, of Burgundian father and Bavarian mother, Two brothers Adalbert and Ockarius, related by blood to Pippin, King of the Franks, of whom one, Albert or Adalbert, possessed nine counties in Bavaria, while the other, Ockarius, the elder by birth, called Ossigerus from the greatness of his bones, held the Duchy of Burgundy. The latter had a very young son at the court of Pippin, who, often defeating in chess a prince of the same age, the son of the said King, a quarrel having arisen (as easily tends to happen) during the game itself, was struck through the temples by a chess piece by the King's son. Upon learning of this, the parent Pippin, terrified beyond his usual manner, ordered the corpse to be secretly covered, lest evil rumors be spread from it -- a common poison in courts -- which, spreading more widely, might stir up greater discords. Therefore, after three days of deliberation with the magnates of the realm, Pippin had Ockarius summoned, intending to ask him what he thought should be done about the matter. Ockarius, suspecting anything but that this blow was aimed at him, answered with a free voice that what could not be changed must be borne. Upon hearing this opinion and its approval by all, the King revealed the pitiable accident, reminding Ockarius to hold his own pronouncement as binding upon himself.

[6] They resolve to build a monastery, Therefore this man, most wisely and most sagely weighing in his mind the changeability of the world, how nothing stands firm for long but all things are turned topsy-turvy by a kind of whirlwind, began to choose the life of a more certain and secure state, and together with his brother Adalbert, whom he had adopted in the place of a son, to speak of founding a monastery. Both, therefore, somehow placated by King Pippin, left the court, intending to be pious, and met with Boniface, they seek permission from Saint Boniface: Archbishop of Mainz, to grant them the power to build a new monastery. Having obtained commendatory letters from the most holy Prelate to Zacharias, the Supreme Pontiff, they set out for Rome. They travel to Rome: But the City was at that time being harassed by the Lombards, and the most holy temple of Saint Peter having been sacrilegiously plundered just the day before, the Supreme Pontiff Zacharias, having learned who and how great the Dukes were who had arrived, immediately summoned them to himself; At the request of the Pope Saint Zacharias, narrating with no small grief of spirit the incursions of the Barbarians, and begging the warriors, famous in the glory of warfare and accompanied by an entourage of nobles, to bring help and pious assistance to the Romans, the Church's treasures having been plundered and the city for the most part devastated by fires and robberies. They drive the Lombards from the neighboring territory. They assented to these requests on both sides, and at the same time reproaching the laziness of the Romans, they exhorted them to fight bravely for their Fatherland and the commonwealth, for their altars and hearths, and to recover what had been taken away, and having received the Apostolic Blessing, they themselves led the Roman Eagles, and with a battle line drawn up, attacked the plunderers with a strong hand as they were about to load the divided spoils onto ships in the maritime places, and so struck them down and prostrated them with the sword as they resisted with all their might, that with their strength broken after prolonged battles endured, all were either killed on land or drowned in the sea, with only a few escaping in flight: and thus our Dukes obtained the victory, which cost them not a drop of their own blood, with no one missing or mortally wounded.

[7] They are received by the Pope with a triumph: It was then the custom that victors would return only under white standards and trophies of victory, while the vanquished returned under red banners. As the Dukes returned with ample spoils and recovered treasures, celebrating their triumph, the Pope with all the Clergy poured forth in solemn procession to meet them, officially congratulating them on the desired and happy outcome, and leading them to the tomb of the holy Apostles, dissolved in tears from joy, he first gave thanks to God, then to them, offering them the free choice of selecting and retaining whatever they pleased from among the spoils. But these men, setting aside all perishable things, held nothing more dear to their hearts than the holy Relics of the Blessed, for the sake of which they had undertaken this journey, they desire relics, and had not hesitated to bravely charge the dense battle line of enemies, to carry home as the reward of their labors. The Pope, not daring to refuse the most pious will of such great Princes, when a new opportunity of taking from the sacred relics at their will and desire was offered, they asked for the body of Saint Quirinus, King and Martyr, which they knew for certain and especially of Saint Quirinus. that no one after the holy Apostles was more celebrated in fame or more illustrious in the frequency of miracles. Upon hearing this, the Supreme Pontiff, as if thunderstruck, was astonished, more liberal in promises than in giving, and regretting his promise, excused himself, saying that out of fear of the Roman citizens he could not grant their request, to whom nothing was dearer than Saint Quirinus, nor was any of the Saints held in higher esteem. But as an oak does not fall at a single blow, yet yields at last to repeated blows: so by multiplied prayers the Supreme Pontiff gave way, to receive him through a secretly suborned man. under this condition, however, that with a delay of time interposed, they should be granted their wish through a secretly suborned messenger, to avoid the sedition that would easily follow among the citizens once the donation became known.

[8] Endowed with various relics, they return; through Otto, a Cleric sent to Rome Meanwhile, having given them no small particles of Saints Peter and Paul, the chalice of Saint Quirinus, and Relics of very many other Saints, he dismissed them with the Apostolic blessing. They, joyful at the promised reward of such merit of valor and piety, returned to their homeland: where they immediately designated Utho, their nephew by a sister, a man distinguished by the dignity of the clerical state, with a suitable retinue to Rome to bring back the most holy pledge. they arrange for the transport He, setting out on his way and coming to the City and presenting the substance of his mission with credentials to be believed, obtained from the Supreme Pontiff by night a treasure of the greatest weight; and had it placed on a wagon and transported hence. The Relics of Saint Quirinus; the porters, about to rashly inspect them,

[9] Nor did this Translation occur without miracles, from which one could easily gather how great was the merit of Saint Quirinus before God. For the carriers, when, contrary to the prohibition not to break the seal or open anything, drawn partly by curiosity and partly by drunkenness which usually emboldens one to dare somewhat more, thinking perhaps they had been deceived, attempted to inspect the holy body and to remove the covering of the chest woven from palm spatules with reckless efforts, while the seal was still intact, are consumed by a flame that erupts. they paid the fitting penalties of their rashness, consumed by flames erupting from the bier. There still exists as a memorial of this event a chapel dedicated to Saint Quirinus on the Adige river near the stream called the Dalfer in the County of Tyrol.

[10] A spring gushes forth under the wagon: Informed of the event by the nephew, the uncles sent other men to complete the remaining journey with the sacred Relics and bring them to Tegernsee: but behold another miracle of divine goodness! When the sacred Remains were deposited by the lake until the following day, to prepare a festive procession for the reception of so great a guest, under the wagon a spring began to flow with most healthful waters, which to this very day liberates those who devoutly use it from various ailments. The body is placed in the chapel of the Savior. On the next morning, as dawn broke, a great multitude of people came forth to meet them with devout songs of sacred melody from the Clergy and people, the new resident was placed on pious shoulders, and deposited in the chapel of the Savior in the year from Christ's birth seven hundred and fifty-two; there to rest until a worthy hall should be built for the most worthy Emperor.

CHAPTER III.

On the Foundation of the Monastery at Tegernsee.

[11] The construction having now reached its highest point, and those things which seemed desirable for the splendor of the monastery and house of God, for the solemnity of consecration, and for the observance of monastic religion having been brought into proper form, After the dedication of the new church by three Bishops, three Provincial Bishops -- Lord John of Salzburg, Lord Erimbert of Freising, and Lord Garibald of Regensburg -- and many religious men, by whose work and effort the aforesaid church would be solemnly inaugurated and consecrated in honor of Saints Peter and Paul, the Princes of the Apostles, were invited. the body is brought into it, After the dedication ceremonies were completed, a procession was adorned with burning candles and crosses toward the chapel of the Savior, from which the deposited Relics of Saint Quirinus were carried to the place prepared with God's help, with the musicians singing, and crowds flanking on all sides the throngs of the Most Reverend Bishops. The place in which the sacred Body was guarded had been an underground, vaulted crypt, in the middle of which could be seen a hewn stone, anointed with the chrism of sacred Oil. When they had come here, the highest among the Bishops raised the Athlete of God Quirinus from the part where his feet were extended, while a venerable Priest who had long suffered from ill health, named Rombert, lifted him from the opposite side; blood flowing from a part that slipped from the latter heals the sick man: and see, as the body was just about to be lowered into the sarcophagus -- O good God! -- a certain part of the sacred Body slipped through a gap in the palm-fiber basket into the hands of the same Priest, who was immediately healed of his affliction, still dripping with fresh blood, as if on the very day when the most unconquered Martyr had submitted his neck to the sword, in the year four hundred and eighty-three from his beheading done at Rome, and the year of our restored salvation seven hundred and fifty-four. The testimony or monument of the flowing blood is preserved to this very day in a square silver monstrance, as they call it, in which under crystal glass the blood that flowed out is contained enclosed in considerable quantity, and is shown to the people annually. The portion that fell from the other most holy remains, the most pious Princes gave to the Ilm monastery also founded by them. From these things one can see how Saint Quirinus founded, consecrated, and watered this place with his own blood.

[12] Moreover, the Most Serene Dukes placed a most beautiful crown on the proceedings, when they themselves, renouncing the military belt and the soldier's cloak, as they had long resolved, taking the religious habit, gave their name to God under the Rule of our most holy Father Benedict, the founding brothers themselves begin monastic life, henceforth to storm heaven by assiduous prayer, continual fasting, and vigils in this Tegernsee monastery, which they had endowed more magnificently than the others, with eleven thousand eight hundred and sixty-six manses and twenty-two salt pans. The rudiments of Monastic Discipline were established in this monastery by monks summoned from Saint Gall, most religious men under the instruction of Saint Othmar, 150 monks gathered, whose number had grown to one hundred and fifty: and as we have received from the tradition of the elders, so great an army of Brothers serving God was distributed into three groups of fifty, so that when one group of fifty left the choir, singing continual praises to God, for the sake of labor, refreshment, or rest, another immediately succeeded to the standing watches, and thus day and night without interruption their praises were rendered to God.

[13] Adalbert, by the judgment of all and with the approval of the Bishops, having been ordained, Adalbert becomes their first Abbot, was commanded to be the first Abbot, while Ockarius remained among the number of lay brothers. How greatly the twin brothers had progressed in sacred religion it is pleasant to learn from an outstanding miracle which is narrated as having occurred at their remains, other things being passed over. with Ockarius living among the lay Brothers. By divine permission, a demon had fixed his seat in a certain man: this man, brought by a crowd to the tomb where both Founders await the trumpet of the last day, when he unknowingly touched the marble receptacle of the ashes of the two brothers, the evil spirit immediately fled outside, packing up. at whose tomb a possessed man is freed. The man, restored to himself and now free of his evil guest, when he came home safe and sound, to the astonishment of all his household and acquaintances who had known him as raving before, was told to render thanks to Saint Quirinus, most famous throughout the whole province for miracles, as his liberator, and was brought to the relics of that Saint: but released by a black crow which he had previously carried in his bosom, he tore himself from the hands of those leading him, hastened to the tomb of Adalbert and Ockarius, distant from that of Saint Quirinus, and exclaimed: "Here I was healed by those whose remains lie here, and they themselves are held as Blessed. and whose souls live with God on high." The inhabitants, astonished at this marvel, most worthily venerated their founders and parents henceforth as Blessed.

On the genealogy of these men, the following was subjoined:

Moreover, if the family tree and lineage of the said brothers is desired: opinion is divided on this point: some asserting them to be descended from Duke Grimeald of the Bavarians; others saying they were born of Hartwig the Burgundian. In a manuscript codex, however, in which the affairs of the Bavarians are described in the vernacular language, their natural lineage is exhibited thus:

Arnolph or the great Arnold Angisus or Anchisus Pippin the Fat Charles Martel Lothair Hartwig Ockarius, Adalbert Son of Ockarius

But Lazius, according to Matthew Raderus, volume 2 of Holy Bavaria, folio 64, in his Chorography of Austria, constructs a far different family tree for these men; and affirms them to be the sons of Grimeald, Duke of the Bavarians, who established the see of Freising. Grimeald's first son was succeeded by Theodo VI, from whom Grimeald II was the founder of the alpine Bavarian see of Freising, a prince, and finally, upon the death of his brothers Hugobert and Theodo VII, the sole heir, killed by the sons of Theodebert and Charles Martel, whose Athesian province was occupied by Hildebrand, King of the Lombards. The sons of Grimeald -- Albert, Ottogerius, and Utto -- were sent to the counties, whence the Counts of Tegernsee originated, founders of the monasteries of Schlehdorf, Tegernsee, and Saint Hippolytus in Austria. Thus Lazius; however, our view is more approved by the cited author of the Society of Jesus, with all historians reporting that they were born of a Burgundian father and a Bavarian mother.

BOOK II.

Miracles of Saint Quirinus.

CHAPTER I

Various diseases driven away: evildoers punished: other miracles.

[1] A man blind from birth departed from Salzburg with his guide, A man blind from birth receives his sight. fasting, to visit the sacred relics of the Martyr, if the heavens should grant it. He had already crossed the Inn, as he traversed the mountain forests, valleys, and winding passes; his companion, impatient with hunger, urged him to break his fast, saying he could not go further on an empty stomach. The blind man replied: "I will not break my fast until my vow is fulfilled." Upon hearing this, the guide fled, not willing, he said, to perish of starvation on another's account. The blind man, deprived of all help and deserted in the middle of the wilderness, crept this way and that, retraced his steps, wearied God with prayers, that through the intercession of Saint Quirinus his eyes might be illuminated. He was heard: for he began gradually to open his eyelids, to drink in the daylight in part, which sufficed to show him the way, though he was not yet able to discern the images of things completely. After saluting the tomb, all darkness departed: and marveling at the novelty of things, scarcely self-possessed from joy, he loosed his tongue in a thousand thanksgivings to the praises of Saint Quirinus.

[2] A girl, lame from her cradle, so that the soles of her feet adhered to her buttocks, a girl lame and contracted from birth is healed: was brought by her parents on the feast of All Saints to the tomb of Saint Quirinus; when, after the sacred services were finished and the people dismissed, she prayed alone, intending to make the holy Martyr her Patron; gradually, as the sinews loosened, she noticed that her feet, previously twisted and bound, were being relaxed, and she stood upright on her own feet. The bells were rung, people gathered from everywhere, and thanks were duly given to the supreme Godhead.

[3] A Bishop of France seeks something from the relics, The year from the Virgin birth was reckoned as nine hundred and twenty-two, when a certain bishop from France, whose name was Aran, and who had the greatest familiarity and friendship with Abbot Megilo, dared, having heard the fame of the miracles of Saint Quirinus, to ask for some part of the sacred remains as a gift, a pledge, and a protection wherever he might go. But such ardent prayers availed nothing with the Lord Abbot, who replied to the Bishop that a particle that had fallen from the body of Saint Quirinus was preserved in the Ilm monastery, from which, if he asked for anything, he could easily take it with him: but here at Tegernsee it was by no means lawful that anything should be taken from the intact body. The counsel pleased him: having received them in his hand, they went to Ilm, and having opened the chest of Relics, they carefully shook out the attached labels and searched the sacred ashes. Already the name and the sacred relics were in their hands: behold, all were prostrated on the floor, he and his companions are prostrated as if blind and senseless, suddenly deprived of sight and nearly driven insane: only so much strength remaining in Bishop Aran, as he himself confessed, that he could collect the Relics, close the chest, and place it back on the altar. At length, when they all prostrated themselves in the form of a Cross to appease the wrath of the divine Godhead, the relics being replaced, he is healed. and with tears poured forth cried out for mercy, amid long sighs and devout vows their strength was restored, and the darkness was dispelled from the eyes of both mind and body.

[4] A certain Cleric of royal descent, and a prominent figure at the King's court, had carried off the best bell. A Cleric, having taken a bell, After this man had departed to more remote parts from his home, the Brothers of the monastery were thinking of bringing back the bell: upon learning of which, the man, raging and furious, pursued the Religious and carried it off again. Nor was there a delay: refusing to allow its return, when he had scarcely carried it a thousand paces, suddenly seized by a demon, long and much tormented, he breathed out his unhappy soul, a possessed man expires, while the carriers, seized by a spirit of vertigo, were forced to stand still until they had returned what was stolen, the carriers being punished. after which they freely returned to their homes.

[5] Someone secretly drove away an ox belonging to his godfather: not long after, visiting the temple of Saint Quirinus, Having stolen an ox and a purse, he added another crime, by cutting a purse stuffed with thirty coins, vainly hoping, or rather presuming, that he would dare this crime also with impunity. But by the power of Saint Quirinus he was so detained in the temple that, with the doors of the church standing wide open, he could not go out. he is held immobile in the church of Saint Quirinus, Spotted by the sacristan and asked what he was doing, he was confused and confessed both crimes, and that he had not made restitution, and that therefore he was held fast against his will by higher powers. Upon hearing this, the godfather was summoned, the truth of the matter was told; until restitution was made. the thief, having returned the money and given the option of selecting from ten of his oxen, left the basilica free.

[6] A poor widow, seeing her village ablaze with fire, In a public fire, not knowing which way to turn, was admonished by her daughter to implore Saint Quirinus to restrain the flames. Not harsh to the one who admonished her, she cried out: "O Saint Quirinus, free me from the fire!" the widow's cottage, She had scarcely completed her words when she realized she had not beaten the air in vain, for a favorable wind began to blow remains untouched: and to disperse the raised fire, so that while the whole village was reduced to ashes, her little cottage remained unharmed and intact.

[7] A soldier, cruelly detained by his captor in prison, uncertain of his life, invoked Saint Quirinus with a promise to offer the best horse he had a captive vows a horse, in thanksgiving. Without delay he was freed, hastened to Tegernsee, tied the horse to the doors of the church, intending to redeem it with a gift of money. Having placed a solidus on the altar, nor does he lead it back until full payment is made. he went out of the church and found it loose and unmoved, yet could not move it from the spot by any force: he doubled the silver, but still could not push it elsewhere, until he had placed seven solidi on the altar.

[8] On the feast of the Translation of Saint Quirinus, a crowd of the faithful flowing together, a certain man sent a loaf of bread to be offered at the tomb of the sacred relics through another person, Bread not offered to Saint Quirinus as vowed, but a less faithful executor: for this man, deceived by greed, kept it for himself. Returning from the church at the hour of lunch, he sat at table with the other companions, and drew the bread from his bag, is turned into stone: about to throw it eagerly into his jaws. But applying a knife to cut it, he found it had turned to stone, and so threw it onto the public road. A nobleman living nearby picked up the said stone, to show it to others as a memorial of the event and in honor of Saint Quirinus.

[9] Wine was being carried to the monastery, purchased in the vicinity by the cellarer, and because it was perhaps noble in taste, smell, and flavor, it pleased the tasters so much that they drank it all: the feast of Saint Andrew was being celebrated, eight who stole the monastery's wine are blinded, and the Brothers had nothing to pour: therefore, persuaded to pour out their prayers at the tomb of the Martyr, they organized a procession led by the sacred Cross, intending to ask that the violence of the plunderers be repelled. Saint Quirinus heard the thirsting Brothers, blinding the eight thieves.

[10] A soldier, pursuing a fugitive whom he believed to be an enemy all the way to the church of Saint Quirinus at Tundorf, one who sets fire to the church of Saint Quirinus perishes miserably: and not having enough strength to drag him out, set fire to the church, burning it together with it. God the avenger followed close behind, for he had scarcely prepared to cross the bridge when, having fallen from his horse, he so shattered his thigh that, his strength entirely failing, he breathed out his soul most miserably.

[11] A certain man of Innsbruck, wishing to preserve his flock safe and unharmed, bound himself by a vow to Saint Quirinus to offer a heifer. Condemned by his petition, a cow dedicated to Saint Quirinus, and girding himself for the journey to keep his promises, wearied by the tedium of the longer journey, he began to reason thus with himself: "What difference does it make whether I vowed to Saint Quirinus or gave to Saint George? Do they not agree most greatly in heaven among themselves? And if they have anything, do they not possess it in common? Therefore what is dedicated to one is the same as if it were promised to the other." With these words offered to Saint George, he led the cow to the mountain of Saint George: and when he had climbed up, the heifer stood stock still like a wall becomes immobile: and went no further. She was urged with goads, ropes, and clubs: nothing was accomplished. The Abbot of the place was summoned, and seeing this, he thought she was bound by the art of the devil, sprinkled her with holy water, and again ordered her to be pulled: but she still clung to the old spot. The sponsor was asked whether he had destined the heifer for another, and he confessed that he had made a change in his promise. Upon understanding this, the Abbot ordered the cow to be loosed and let go. at once she runs willingly to Saint Quirinus: Free at once, she ran from the precipice of the mountain so swiftly that she fell into the lowest valley: and standing unharmed on her feet, she took flight through pathless and trackless ways until she came through the forest without a guide to Tegernsee. The one who had made the vow followed the fleeing cow, and is offered. found her at the monastery, told the monks what had happened, and piously fulfilled his vow.

[12] A stone had grown on the tongue of a certain woman to such an extent that it had the size of an egg yolk. A stone growing on the tongue vanishes. Having made supplication to Saint Quirinus, she had scarcely placed her offering on the altar, devoutly kissing it, when the burden of the stone vanished from her tongue.

[13] A maidservant of a certain matron in Noricum near the Ister had a paralyzed arm: Suffering from paralysis in the arm, hence a wondrous desire seized her, on account of obtaining health, to go on pilgrimage on the very feast of the Translation of Saint Quirinus, because the sacred bones of this Saint had been a salvation to many. But so as not to appear empty-handed before the Most High, she had made from bread a necklace, she wishes to offer a bread necklace to Saint Quirinus, which, placing around her arm, she planned to offer to Saint Quirinus. The permission of her mistress still stood in the way: she earnestly begged her: but sang to deaf and imperious ears: for severely rebuked, she was ordered to stay at home. She redoubled her prayers the next day, carrying her votive bread with her. The mistress blazed up more insolently, and more provoked, compelled her to return to work and labor, and at the same time, burning with anger, snatched the necklace from her hand and broke it, from which blood immediately began to bubble forth. The mistress, astonished at this miracle, from which blood bubbles forth. granted her permission to go to Saint Quirinus. When this was spread about in the neighborhood far and wide, crowds almost innumerable accompanied the maidservant to Tegernsee. When the bread was offered, her arm was immediately restored to its former strength. That bread, moreover, as if it had been dipped in the rosy blood of the Martyr, and the paralysis is removed: was shown to the people, who wept for joy, with the greatest admiration. There were present at that time the Brothers of Altaich, of Saint Maurice, who with streaming eyes carried home the obtained morsel from the Abbot of the place, Udalschalk, as evidence of the miracle.

[14] At another time on the same feast day, a certain woman of liberal beauty, pompously adorned and superbly dressed in garments, so as to make a spectacle of herself for all, was trying to enter the temple of Saint Quirinus: a gaudily dressed woman, but neither alone nor aided by many could she cross the threshold. Several, thinking this was due to feminine weakness, lent a hand afterward, intending to move her from her spot. But in vain: for when they came to the doors of the church, she could not be carried further by any force or art. repelled from entering the temple, Suffused with the blush of shame and affected by weariness, when she contemplated returning to her lodging, she stood with her feet fixed in the ground. Burning sacred tapers were placed in her hands, so that she might at least try to enter with these supports, but nothing availed. Finally, a Priest being brought in, she confessed the sins she had committed in a hasty examination of conscience, and attempted to enter the temple but was repelled. Having confessed again, she suffered a second rejection. Having been purified a third time from all stain, having confessed her sins to a Priest a third time, she enters. and having accepted satisfaction with a scourge, in the sight of all the people who were present, she was permitted to enter the inner sanctuaries of the church.

[15] Again, certain thieving artisans mingled themselves with the crowd of the faithful and pious on the most solemn feast of Saint Quirinus; Thieves detained by a hidden force, but detained by a hidden power, they could not exit the church through the gaping doors, nor even beyond the chapel of Saint Quirinus existing by the lake. Released after making Confession. But wiping away their crimes with the sponge of sacred penance and restoring what they had stolen, they were set free.

h. Found on p. 129.

k. P. 119.

m. Found on p. 132.

p. Commonly Georgenberg, above Schwaz in an almost inaccessible place, where a monastery was founded, whose first Abbot Eberhard was instituted in the year 1038, as Bucelinus says; consult him.

q. Found in the Ode, p. 98.

r. P. 96.

s. Lower Altaich or of Saint Maurice, situated on the right bank of the Danube after the Isar flows into it; from it Hundius begins book 2 of the Metropolis of Salzburg.

t. Udalsalcus presided for 20 years, died in the year 1112.

u. P. 100.

x. P. 111.

CHAPTER II

Possessed persons and captives freed, lepers and other sick healed, a storm at sea calmed, evildoers punished.

[16] A hellish guest was tormenting a certain girl in most dire ways. Brought to the tomb, the repository of the sacred bones, A possessed girl is freed. she fell into a deep sleep, crying out with various howls in her sleep. When restored to herself, she was asked what she had seen. "I saw," she said, "two youths emerge, who with pincers inserted drew out a foul Ethiopian from me."

[17] A woman wearing gloves had come forward for the offering at the Translation of Saint Quirinus: The hand of one offering a gift with a glove grows stiff: when she extended her hand to the altar, it was raised on high, and her whole hand immediately grew stiff, unable to pull it back. The glove was pulled from her hand, and for nearly an hour hung in the air above the altar, and was seen by all for a considerable time, the glove suspended in the air, and finally fell upon the altar. The woman, taught henceforth to venerate the Saints with greater reverence, vowed that she would anticipate the feast of the Martyr with a fast every year; and healed by a vow of fasting: and behold, she received back her stiff hand fully healed.

[18] A man returning from Rome from the threshold of the holy Apostles Peter and Paul, dedicating a horse to Saint Quirinus, vowed his exhausted horse, no longer sufficient for the remaining journey, to Saint Quirinus, that he might provide new strength for the animal worn out by the labors of travel. The journey was resumed under good auspices, and they went to Tegernsee under a propitious Godhead. Brought there, the traveler tied the horse before the doors of the church, he cannot release it unless the redemption is tripled: intending to place six solidi on the altar for its redemption. Returning, he could not untie the horse even with doubled money, until he added four more solidi: who is said to have exclaimed in annoyance: "O Saint Quirinus, you are indeed a good man, but a better trader -- a stricter one was never known to me."

[19] Two lepers betook themselves to the sacred Relics, intending to seek relief from their adverse health from the Saint. Two lepers are healed, They easily moved the Saint, otherwise inclined to hear: both were healed, though in different ways. One, pouring forth pious prayers at the mausoleum of the holy Martyr, fell into a deep sleep, one at the tomb, and drenched in sweat, was immediately cleansed of all skin disease. The other, leaving the hospitable temple, not yet healed, inquired of his household where the spring of Saint Quirinus flows, the other washed in the water of Saint Quirinus's spring. saying that there he would find his baths, which would wash away his leprosy. When it was pointed out to him, he expelled the blemish on his body by immersion in the healthful waters.

[20] Under a clear sky they entrusted themselves to a treacherous sea as pilgrims: but soon dark clouds enveloped the clear day, and these, clashing with frequent lightning bolts, set the air on fire, a storm at sea is calmed, the heavens thundered with immense noise, the seas roared with swelling waves and tenfold storms, and everything was tossed upside down, so that all lost heart. And so, having confessed their sins to a Priest who had traveled with them, they went to meet death, since they could not escape. Among them, a Religious man, raising his colleagues to hope, said: "You know, fellow countrymen, the power of the most holy Martyr Quirinus, resting in Bavaria, whose passion is solemnly celebrated today in the church: Saint Quirinus being invoked: let us lift up our hands in supplication to him, and implore him as helper and Patron of the present danger, soon to be blessed by his aid." With all going to this opinion, the most glorious Martyr was manifestly present: for the waves subsided, the crashing of the clouds ceased, the mists disappeared, the sun spreading its rays into serenity, until they could go and return on their begun journey.

[21] A certain man, the murderer of his uncle, enclosed in iron rings and chains, set out on a pilgrimage to Saxony, to Saint Gotthard. A murderer, constrained by rings and chains, To this man in his sleep appeared a most handsome old man, admonishing him to visit the Tegernsee monastery in Bavaria and to betake himself to the tomb of Saint Quirinus, commanded in a vision to go to Saint Quirinus, where he would doubtless experience relief. The wretched man replied: "O Lord, that province is unknown to me." He heard again: "Do not be anxious; you will find the way excellently and reach there quickly." The wretched man, bidden to be of good courage, began the unknown journey, scarcely knowing our language, and on the very vigil of the most sacred Easter, with God as his guide, arrived at the monastery, gathered with the rest of the people for the praises of the sacred night, on Easter night he is freed. and called upon the Saint for help. Nor were his words lost: toward the end of the hymn "Te Deum laudamus," the iron bonds were loosened and leapt away, and he was freed.

[22] Another man, bound with very similar bracelets, came here on the feast of All Saints. Another on the feast of All Saints. When at night he was struggling with the most acute pains from the violence of the iron constricting and eating into his flesh, he was admonished in his sleep to hasten his entrance into the church, where he would certainly obtain a remedy. He obeyed, and with quickened step hastened to the Martyr's basilica: and behold, the chains that had grown into his flesh and were deeply embedded in it were immediately torn away, the man crying out in pain, having seen in his dream someone reclining upon him until he had fully recovered.

[23] A well-known soldier, Dietmar by name, a noble minister of Freising, held by his enemies in the castle of Schaumburg, a prisoner in a dungeon invokes Saint Quirinus, was being inhumanely treated in prison: on the night of Saint Quirinus, during Lent, he drew sighs from the depths of his heart, to bend the common Helper to mercy. Among these prayers, as he fell asleep, a man of venerable habit and countenance presented himself, admonished in a vision to hang his fetters at the tomb; promising liberation if he would hang those bracelets at the tomb of the holy Martyr. The wretched man already seemed to himself to have stood by his vow, when he felt the fetters fall from one foot; afterward, awake, he pondered how he might evade the guards keeping watch before the doors. While pondering these things, he began to nod off again, and again the monitor pulled his ear, telling him to leave at once without fear. he sees the door open: Roused from sleep, he saw the bolts of the door standing open of their own accord, but on account of the guards spread on all sides he did not yet dare to set foot outside the prison. Standing therefore near the door, astonished between hope and fear, he suddenly saw himself transported beyond the guards: he is transported beyond the guards: and arriving at the gate of the castle, he found the lock shaken from the posts and that gate also standing open. He had also passed through this: but was thrown into new difficulties, as the bridges over the ditches and ramparts had been broken down: but he found a way to pick his careful steps across the transverse and thrown-over trees. Then at last the chains were loosened from his other foot, which, having raised them onto his shoulders, he snatched himself from his enemies in swift flight. The guards, having learned what had happened, immediately pursued and searched every hiding place, the fugitive often seeing his pursuers near him he is not seen by his pursuers: yet not being seen by them. At last, reaching a stream, by following the course of the channel he evaded the tricks of his hunters: and when these returned home, he himself, flooded with the greatest joy, clapped his hands, exulted, ran to the divine office and worship of Saint Quirinus, he hangs his chains at the altar. placing the iron burdens as a votive offering on the altar of the holy Martyr, and with a cheerful heart rendering due thanks to his liberator.

[24] A certain woman, insufficiently religious in observing the Saturday night, at which the solemnities of Sunday had already begun, wanted to throw two flint stones held in her hand into the fire, burning with a hidden fire of flint stones and garments intending to make herself a bath. But see the severe exactor of his own worship, God! For the flint stones together with her garments began to burn with a certain hidden force that scorched but did not devour, nor did it change the color of the garments or the stones. The woman, more than all, burned with this licking fire, the ability to cast off the stones or garments being taken from her. she is freed from the fire. Saint Quirinus came to her mind: therefore, thus piously kindled and inflamed, she poured forth most fervent prayers at the Martyr's tomb, that by his most ardent intercession with God he might extinguish the flames: which he restrained forthwith.

[25] A certain woman suffering from paralysis was seized in all her limbs, her nerves stupefied and obeying no command, a paralytic with twisted limbs indeed so contracted and twisted that her soles and toes curved backward and seemed to have grown to her buttocks. This adversity brought no small grief to her parents: hence, aroused by frequent reports, they resolved to go to the monastery of Saint Quirinus, to see if he too might bring help and comfort. is healed: The girl, brought to the mausoleum of the holy Martyr, falling asleep for a little while, noticed in her sleep someone blooming with youthful age taking hold of her limbs, previously bunched together, and loosening them, and from curved making them straight.

[26] A certain Prefect of Regensburg, going to Rome out of devotion, horses fed with fodder stolen from tithes, die ordered that his horses be given feed one night from the tithes of Saint Quirinus, in order to save his own expenses: but at daybreak, all who had eaten from the monastery's goods were found dead.

[27] There is a village subject to the jurisdiction of Tegernsee, called Ostermunchen: here the Abbot, holding a discussion about the affairs of the Church, [one who judges unjustly concerning the subjects of Saint Quirinus is struck dumb,] presumed to approve and confirm an unjust sentence passed against the subjects of Saint Quirinus: but immediately, struck by paralysis, he became dumb. Remaining thus until the third day, and examining the cause of the case more carefully, when he had rescinded the judgment, the lost faculty of speech was restored to him.

[28] Envy had goaded a noble matron called Fridrain, sister of Count Syboto, married to an equally noble man Hugh in the Norican Ripen. When she had seen the monks drinking wine, envying wine drunk by monks, she begrudged the Religious their little cups: hence, arrogating too much to herself, she ordered the drink to be taken away in contempt of the simple Brothers, seized by a demon, whom she desired to be entirely subject to her will. But the good God, not tolerating that provisions be taken from his soldiers, sent a demon into the imperious woman; who was therefore indeed frequently led by her mother Leycarde to the tomb of the holy Martyr, but cannot be freed, yet was not freed, and thus ended her life.

[29] In the village of Egling, belonging to Saint Quirinus, a certain peasant, wishing to try another lord, departed from the community dwelling there, and stayed in the village of Huntpach under the authority of the Count. Contemning Saint Quirinus By chance Guuernarius, the steward of the Abbot at the time, had traveled there, and recognizing the peasant, is said to have addressed him thus before the Prefect of the Count: "What are you doing here? You would more justly render your service to Saint Quirinus." At this, the prefect, with great arrogance, becomes paralytic and mute. puffed cheeks and cracking mouth, said: "Who is Quirinus? Let him serve me as lord." He had scarcely completed these words when he was immediately struck by paralysis, remaining deprived of the exercise of speech until death.

d. P. 130.

g. P. 127.

h. P. 104.

k. P. 132.

l. P. 108.

CHAPTER III.

Count Syboto, the Advocate of the monastery, and others punished for damage inflicted.

[30] Count Syboto, Advocate at Tegernsee Count Syboto, Advocate at Tegernsee, administering the domestic and household affairs very poorly and blinded by the urging of greed, took from each of the village houses an ox and a measure, and to cover his crime, accused others of the deed. Hence, skilled at sparing his own coffers, steals the monastery's goods, he once came to the monastery and asked Abbot Conrad, the first of this name, together with the Brothers, to keep his wife Laureta with them for some time. Armed with prayers, since they were powerful, no one dared murmur against it. Therefore, having obtained consent, the Count sent his Lady wife into the monastery, while he himself departed for the Norican Ripen. His wife, staying here for a very long time, not only fed and gorged herself from the revenues of the church, but also invited others connected by necessity, familiarity, his wife burdens the monastery or in any way associated, and prepared rich and lavish banquets with the greatest damage to the monastery. with banquets: For some time the most indulgent God overlooks our crimes, but does not entirely sleep: for on the very feast of the Lord's Resurrection, while the Brothers were still in the choir attending to divine service, when again smoking dishes and dripping cups were set out, and the bread, in the Lady's presence,

was cut through the middle, and vivid blood appeared as in raw flesh. she is terrified by bread dripping with blood, The woman, thinking a fraud was at work, as if the bread had been thus prepared on purpose, ordered those removed and others brought: but one egg was not more like another than the latter bread was like the former. A messenger was sent to the refectory of the Religious to bring another bread, but this one too, when divided by cutting, not only showed blood but dripped it, while the rest, separated not by cutting but by breaking, remained of its natural and original color. and by a dripping towel, When she was about to go to the table and touched the towel after washing her hands, this too was seen to be bloodstained and dripping with gore. Then she exclaimed sharply: "By the Passion of the Lord, why are these things happening?" But, dissembling this, she ordered it to be turned over and reversed to the other side, but the bleeding pooled equally. When lunch was over, the Venerable Abbot approached her: they sat down, a conversation was begun: and behold, suddenly the whole house shook twice. likewise by the shaking of the house, The Lady, struck by the terrifying sound, according to the common fashion, presaging through the shaking of the building the death of a friend, or husband, or something similar, said: "May God avert any evil from befalling us." A third time the whole building trembled with such a crash that it seemed to collapse from its very foundations. Upon hearing these things, still believing from the machinery of her old suspicion that these things were being done by the Brothers, she dispatched a courier to the Count, upon learning of this, the Count swells with rage, to announce that, terrified by bread infected with blood and by the great noise of the house, she was contemplating departing from the company and dwelling of the monastery to go elsewhere. The Count, having received this report, was most gravely indignant and swore that he would remove and expel all the Religious from their station. Setting out on the road, he first spent the night at Strenberg, a town of Austria subject to the Tegernsee Church, and there sent his horses to graze in the meadow of a certain poor tenant, the horses driven into the grass of a poor man, which the peasant had leased from the Parish priest of the place as a kind of benefice, as the provision of the whole year. At daybreak, when departure was being prepared further, the poor man followed, mingling tears with his entreaties, asking that for the grazed meadow and the whole year's sustenance, at least the price of purchasing one pair of shoes be given to him as alms. Repeatedly driven from the Count's presence with curses, he said: "May the pious Quirinus never permit you to tread his land alive!" Events answered the prayers: suddenly he is overwhelmed by a mortal illness, for when the Count had mounted his horse and was inserting his foot into the stirrup, by the consequent divine judgment it seemed to him that the innermost depths of his heart were pierced by the javelin of death, so that, seized by excessive terror, he exclaimed: "Woe is me, a wretch, who refused to acknowledge Quirinus, beloved of God, having long since been endowed with bodily health through his intercession; now I die." With these words, harassed by the greatest languor and dissolving from the vehemence of pain, he was carried by his men to the monastery of the Canons Regular of the Order of Saint Augustine, Saint Margaret's at Baumburg, and as the disease worsened, he was placed in a gentler vehicle, having sent a messenger to summon the Abbot of the Seon monastery quickly. having taken the monastic habit, To this man, quickly present, he made a confession of his crimes, and himself transferring to the lot of penitents, put on the monastic habit, with his wife barely consenting, who had been summoned from Tegernsee long before. Finally, he deplored nothing more than that he had sinned against Saint Quirinus: grieving over having offended Saint Quirinus, he dies. about to die, he besought his friends that if they ever wished to look after the good of his soul, they should never allow any of his sons to be admitted to the Tegernsee advocacy. The Abbot who had administered the Sacrament of Penance and given him the cowl, buried him there after his death.

[31] Many churches owe much to Saint Henry the Emperor, Saint Henry the Emperor comes to Saint Quirinus, whether they were newly erected or enriched with revenues: among which no small portion was obtained by our monastery, endowed with vineyards at Leoben in Austria. The most pious Monarch, having established the Bishopric of Bamberg, devoted himself with his whole court to this place: when, as he frequently prayed and engaged in pious contemplations by the altar of Saint John the Baptist, alienated from his senses and inwardly illuminated by a singular divine spirit, he related that he had seen and learned such things, in these words: [in a Vision he is taught that the goods of Saint Quirinus cannot be taken away with impunity.] "Whoever attempts to despoil this present place of its goods, let him know that on account of the merit of Saint Quirinus, King and Martyr, as the most chosen friend of God, he will render a strict account to God, and will by no means go unpunished for so great a crime." The court applauded the vision on account of the known holiness of the Caesar, extolling the Martyr of God with the highest praises and esteeming him very greatly, all committing themselves most devoutly to his patronage.

[32] Count Roger, near Erlasia, having annexed the fields of Saint Quirinus to his own boundaries, a Count refusing to make restitution, was summoned to justice by the steward of the monastery, so that with a certain designated boundary set by fair administrators and arbiters, all litigation might be settled and the Church's goods restored. The Count flew there, is severely punished. but God the avenger followed from behind: for thrown from his saddle and kicked by his horse, he could scarcely return to his own home with his life still intact.

[33] A soldier, about to follow the camp on the feast of Saint Quirinus, had tied his horse to the wall of the church of the holy Martyr: and behold, the horse, soon turned to fury, a horse tied to the church wall falls dead. tore loose its bridle and ran in wild circles until, spinning in a whirlwind, it fell dead. By which the renowned Athlete plainly showed that sacred places are not to be exposed for the stabling of horses.

[34] A certain peasant, having repaired a gaping hedge on the feast of Easter, punished for repairing a hedge on Easter day, he is healed. was struck in the midst of his labors with bodily weakness and fell to the ground half-dead, with welts and lines red from blood appearing on his back: who, making supplication to Saint Quirinus, crawling on the ground with a stick to the Saint's tomb, was restored to his former health.

[35] Some people had intended to commit a newly built ship to the Inn on the feast of Saint Quirinus only after the sacred services were completed. a ship immobile, Then, changing their minds and wishing to anticipate the sacred rites, they strove with the utmost effort to launch the raft into the river, employing three hundred men. But with all labor falling uselessly, mindful of their promise, they desisted from the improper attempt: after hearing the sacred rites, it is easily moved. they began the work in the right order, taking their beginning from God: they returned to the begun task, and without any difficulty the great machine was launched into the waters by fifty men, which previously could not be moved by three hundred.

[36] A certain man, brought under the power of a demon, was led with great force to the tomb of the Martyr in hope a possessed man thrown into fire, that the evil spirit might flee the friend of God: but the possessed man, violently tearing himself from the hands of those holding him and running headlong into the forests, came to the Alps, and there, urged by hunger, visited the shepherds' huts. There, as he sat by the fire, intending to warm his limbs frozen by the cold, he threw himself into the middle of the flame, not without serious injury to his body: for that part which the fire had burned was consumed, the hellish monster flying out. freed when Saint Quirinus appears: The possessed man, restored to himself, told everyone with the greatest pleasure of his soul that he had seen, in a most brilliant light, Saint Quirinus descending through the air to the summit of the mountain, approaching as if flashing with rays, whom the worst occupant, unable to endure as a guest, had hurled himself into the fire, intending to fix his dwelling elsewhere.

[37] Prefect Udalschalk in the salt-producing village of Hall, watching over his own purse more than the affairs of the monastery entrusted to him, one who inflicts damage becomes mute, having received bribes, concealed the damages inflicted through alienations of the cloister's property. But he paid the penalties of his infidelity, being deprived of the use of speech to the very last day of his life, and remaining with a trembling and debilitated body.

h. P. 110.

i. P. 117.

l. P. 139.

CHAPTER IV

Punishment following for vows not fulfilled: other evildoers punished. Various healings conferred.

[38] A certain peasant had promised Saint Quirinus a heifer if he would bring aid. One who retains a heifer owed by vow is punished; The Saint delivered. The farmer, on the other hand, captivated by the beauty of the heifer, hoping to propagate his herd, kept her for himself, not without damage, as a plague one night consumed the entire flock, with the sole exception of the one he had pledged as a gift to Saint Quirinus: therefore he took better counsel, offering the survivor to the holy Martyr, offering it, he is helped: that he might show himself a patron for recovering another herd, having lost the former through his own fault. Nor did he pray in vain, but he also obtained the assent of the Saint to his petitions.

[39] Another likewise promised his heifer to Saint Quirinus, but did not give it: another's heifer is therefore seized by wolves: and so it happened that four wolves attacked her as she sought pasture among the rest of the flock, all the others remaining untouched.

[40] Again, someone dedicated an ox to Saint Quirinus by a published vow, an ox dedicated to Saint Quirinus, which another, having driven it away by theft, could in no way use -- useless for bearing yokes or pulling wagons: hence, having sold it, he offered the price to Saint Quirinus in redemption of his crime. even when the price is offered, The ox, having shaken off its tethers, struck and wounded the buyer with its horn, and rushing at full speed, hastened to the church of the holy Martyr, stood with fixed foot, wounds the possessor and flees to Saint Quirinus. the pursuer unable to apprehend it except before the temple, where it was afterward offered.

[41] Another, drawing long delays in offering a cow destined for Saint Quirinus, after she bore a calf marked with distinctive signs, likewise another cow with its calf: decided to keep the mother with the calf: but both animals, brought out to pasture, turned away from the flock and fled to the church of Saint Quirinus.

[42] An ox infected with a disease, no longer standing on its feet, was thought about to die immediately. The fame of Saint Quirinus struck its master, likewise an ox dedicated the published Patron for cattle and livestock: to him therefore the ox was consecrated. The matter did not yet fall according to the vow: hence, condemned to the slaughterhouse, just about to be struck at the throat with drawn knife, cannot be slaughtered: at the first touch it suddenly leapt up and, seizing upon flight, ran into the meadow in sight of the household. A poor widow intervened, asking that the ox be sold to her for the comfort of her children for thirty coins. She obtained her request, the price is offered to the widow, and carrying home the ox, rejoicing with joy: the master, having received the price, approached the tomb of Saint Quirinus, and having placed it upon the altar, faithfully narrated the whole affair to all with admiration.

[44] Near the Danube, in the territory of the Altaich monastery, a church was dedicated to the veneration of Saint Quirinus, In the cemetery at Tundorf,

a common asylum for those flocking together on account of the frequency of miracles. But when the judge of that place at Tundorf, where that tent of the Divine Majesty stood, the house, built four times, burned down: had built a house in the adjoining cemetery: behold, the sacred shrine became profane, and miracles immediately ceased; and so that it might be clear to all how greatly God esteemed the merits of Saint Quirinus, the house itself caught fire. It was built a second time, and a second time went up in ashes and cinders. The obstinate judge, not yet wise from his own misfortune, built a third time, and a third time it was consumed by flames. the son who restores it perishes wretchedly: A fourth time, more obstinate to his own ruin, he ordered it raised far more magnificently than before in height: but again fire destroyed the building to its foundations. At last, too late, he restrained his hand from building further, exposed to the ridicule and mockery of all. a blind man and a paralytic healed, His son, heir of both goods and evils, who had twice restored the burned house, paid the penalties for the profanation of sacred things, meeting a most miserable end of life. 5 horses dead. In that temple a blind man received sight, a paralytic the use of her limbs: likewise five horses of hunters that entered the cemetery for pasture immediately fell dead.

[45] turned to stone with his horse Near the same church is shown a stone horse with bridle and saddle of such lifelikeness as if it were alive; then a stone horseman standing beside it, as if he had jumped down and was about to flee behind it: he is stuck with his right foot in the stirrup. The reason this happened, our manuscripts say, having stolen things from the church. is that this man loaded his horse with sacred things taken from the temple, and when he saw that the horse, despite having spurs applied, did not move but had turned to stone beneath him, he then hastened to dismount, and having fallen behind on his right side, was himself turned to stone.

[46] A certain matron ordered wine to be carried away from the monastery at Strenberg, a town of Austria. having stolen the monastery's wine This having been done, she was made insane and possessed by a demon. Raging therefore with fury and anger, she tore out her own hair and repeatedly beat her head against the wall. Remaining long in this frenzy, possessed by a demon, she perishes: with every prayer for her being vain, she exchanged her most unhappy life for death.

[47] In the current year 1529, the Turk, inflated with great hopes, had led his armies into Austria, the Turks, from plundering the things of the temple, intending to occupy Vienna: which, once taken, he easily promised himself victories, this strongest bulwark of Christians having been seized. With the city already encircled by siege, soldiers ran out here and there through the province, intending to plunder everything in their usual manner. They came as far as Strenberg, and there immediately are frightened by a clock that moves of its own accord: opened a great hole in the door of the church, which can still be seen today, inserting themselves through it. But by chance or by good Providence, the clock placed in the same church made such a great noise with the clattering of its revolving wheels that it put the terrified Turks, suspecting an ambush, to flight.

[48] There also exists another church in the countryside of the Danube, in which, when the help of the holy Martyr was implored, stolen goods are voluntarily restored: stolen goods were either restored to the sponsors within three days, or their thieves were detected. This was evident both through many examples and in the case of a certain thief of vegetables, who on the third day after the vow was made to Saint Quirinus, voluntarily came and restored what he had taken.

[49] Fame or tradition holds that the spring of Saint Quirinus was anciently celebrated with this power, those washed in the spring of Saint Quirinus within eight days that whatever sick persons bathed in it, desiring to be quickly healed or to die, would within eight days either meet death or be restored to complete health, which for the sake of brevity we wish to illustrate with only two proposed examples. either die. A woman across the Tegernsee lake had a boy who had been suffering from adverse health for six continuous months: she therefore preferred that he either die or live better: she obtained her wish, with the boy yielding to fate on the third day. or are healed. Another, on the contrary, Guernerius by name, long and greatly tormented by the putrefaction of fevers and ulcers, immersing himself in this spring, recovered completely on the third day.

[50] 7 possessed persons freed. Finally, to conclude many things briefly, this Martyr of God shone with so many and such great miracles, especially in casting out demons, that scarcely a long time would suffice to narrate them all, for on one day of the Translation seven possessed persons were freed, with the black guests put to flight. In a word, he was an eye to the blind, a foot to the lame, and the most ready medicine for every other languishing affliction. Such too you will experience, a healthful oil for others, if you seek his help with fervent prayer, aided daily by the oil which they call Saint Quirinus's, protruding on this side of the lake, not from the body of the holy Martyr, as some wrongly persuade themselves, but from the earth flowing above the water collected in a well: concerning which this is most certain, that very many are helped by its use at the invocation of Saint Quirinus, as innumerable experiences teach: likewise water drawn from the spring and the water of Saint Quirinus. where the body of the most glorious Martyr was first deposited.

b. Eclogue 2, p. 157.

c. Eclogue 3, p. 159.

d. Eclogue 4, p. 165.

e. Eclogue 6, p. 169.

p. These are found in 2 Odes, pp. 122 ff.

q. Metellus, p. 102, reports nine possessed persons and a blind man and a cripple healed.

r. Stengelius and Bucelinus assert that the vein of Petroleum, which is called Saint Quirinus's on account of its supernatural virtues, was discovered during the time of Abbot Gaspar, who died in 1461.

s. Four other miracles are described by Metellus, namely concerning a bedridden woman healed in the parish church of Blessed Quirinus, p. 121; concerning a woman who was freed from a stone, p. 125; concerning Guernerius Ameo, punished because he struck the door of the church of Blessed Quirinus with an axe, p. 133; and concerning a light divinely shown at night in the church of Blessed Quirinus with a sweet harmony, p. 136. These can be read there, illustrated in verse.