Paulinus

ON SAINT PAULINUS,

BISHOP OF SENIGALLIA IN ITALY.

Paulinus, Bishop of Senigallia in Italy (S.)

G. H.

Senigallia a city Episcopal of the Duchy of Urbino, on the shore of the Adriatic sea, midway almost between Pesaro and Ancona, venerates on this IV of May S. Paulinus the Bishop, as Patron its, with an Ecclesiastical Office through an Octave deduced, as indicates Ferrarius in the General Catalogue; who besides in the Catalogue of the Saints of Italy these things writes: Saint Paulinus the Bishop, although the Acts of him are wanting, the greatest has among the people of Senigallia veneration: for his birthday on this day with the highest celebrity they keep with an Octave, as of their city the chief Tutelary: whose Relics most religiously preserved they have. The time in which he was among men not could be found: and then in an Annotation these things he adds. This from Paulinus of Nola diverse we believe, both that on diverse days are celebrated their Birthdays, and the bodies in their cities exist; and that while we were at Senigallia, in that city's Annals or Chronicles MS. we read, S. Paulinus Bishop of Senigallia to have been. These things Ferrarius. Meanwhile Ferdinand Ughelli volume 2 of Italia sacra describing the Bishops of Senigallia not mentions S. Paulinus: whom in the Poetic Martyrology Nicolaus Brautius with this distich honors: Paulinus the holy Senigallia was wont as a Father, and Patron pious to sanctify its own. Of another Paulinus, who at Cologne Agrippina on this also day is venerated, now about to treat, we wonder what of cause they had cities so distant, that to their own each Saint both the same day they dedicated: but by a vehement suspicion we are moved, that of one or the other the name, in some old Martyrology on such a day found, of the other's cult hither also to be referred gave occasion.

ON SAINT PAULINUS

DEACON, MARTYR AT COLOGNE.

Paulinus the Deacon, Martyr at Cologne (S.)

G. H.

The ancient Martyrology, at Cologne and Lübeck in the year MCCCCX printed, from this Saint begins with these words: On the fourth Nones of May, at Cologne Agrippina, Martyrdom and cult, in the church of S. Cæcilia, the birthday of B. Paulinus the Deacon and Martyr, whose head by an iron mallet for Christ crushed is recognized, and his brain together with pious blood patiently to have poured out. Which same has Greven in the Auctarium, in the year MDXV and MDXXI printed. There follow the Author of the MS. Florarium, Molanus, Galesinius, Canisius with the present Roman Martyrology. And these about the cult and martyrdom are sufficiently certain. Gelenius, book 3 on the Magnitude of Cologne Agrippinensis Syntagma XI §2, where of the sacred Treasure of the collegiate church of S. Cæcilia, these things number 2 writes: S. Paulinus Levite and Martyr, of the old silver tomb of S. Evergislus enclosed, with brightness eternal shines in the heavens, and on earth glows with the glory of miracles, Burial, of whose frequency by his diploma testifies in the year MCCLXI Conrad Archbishop of Cologne. These things there. Of miracles no further memory exists; Conrad's diploma still is found, of which a copy procured for us R. P. James Martini, of our Society a Priest and of Metaphysics Professor at Cologne, in the year MDCLXXVI: it is moreover of this kind tenor:

[2] Conrad by the grace of God of the Holy Cologne Church Archbishop, through Italy Archchancellor, to all the faithful of Christ the present letters about to inspect salvation in the true saving One. Rom. 14, 10 Since, as says the Apostle, all we shall stand before the tribunal of Christ, about to receive according as in the body we have done, whether good it was or evil: it behooves us the day of the last reaping, by the noonday's works to anticipate, and of the eternal in view to sow on the earth, what the Lord rendering with multiplied fruit to gather again we may be able in the heavens, and a firm confidence holding, since who sparingly sow, sparingly also shall reap; and who sow in blessings, of blessings also shall reap life

eternal. When therefore the beloved in Christ Abbot and Convent of the church of S. Cæcilia of Cologne, to the praise of God and B. Mary ever virgin, in honor of the most blessed Paulinus the glorious Martyr, the miracles by Conrad the Archbishop attested, through whom God infinite in our times has deigned to work miracles, a chapel within their church to build have begun with a sumptuous work, and to the completion of that work their own to them suffice not the faculties; your universality we ask and exhort in Christ the Lord, to you for the remission of sins enjoining, that of the goods to you by God conferred pious alms and grateful for these of charity to them subsidies you should give; that through your subvention the said work may be able to be completed, and you through these and other goods which God inspiring you shall have done, to the of eternal felicity joys may be able to come. We moreover of almighty God's mercy confiding, His helpers all truly penitent, those who a hand to this shall have extended helping, one year and one carena of the penance enjoined them mercifully we relax: provided that this letter from the place of the church remembered to a place other through questors for the cause of begging in no wise be carried: it if this shall have been done, to lack force we decreeing. Given at Cologne XIII Kalends of October, in the year of the Lord MCCLXI.

[3] In the same as Conrad century flourished Ægidius of Orval a monk, who in his to Harigerus the Abbot Additions on the Bishops of Tongeren chapter 13 these things has: In the said church of B. Cæcilia in most recent times was found the Body glorious of B. Paulinus the Martyr, Whether he was a disciple of S. Maternus. disciple of S. Maternus, who on account of the preaching and faith of Christ in the said city of Cologne with martyrdom merited to be crowned. Hermann Fleystangefol, in the Annals of the Westphalian Circle in the year MDCXL in German edited, the said Paulinus reckons the second Bishop of Cologne, and S. Maternus to have succeeded in the year CXXX, and him in the year CLXX of martyrdom the palm to have obtained. and a Bishop? The same of his Episcopate judges Hermann Crumbach, in his to us letters given in the year MDCLXXIII.

[4] But the cited Gelenius plainly contrary thinks in this manner: Hand down very many of our elders, by some rashly is said a Martyr under Constantine Copronymus, S. Paulinus to be Emperor Constantine Copronymus in the year of Christ DCCL reigning the highest impiety, by a happy exchange, the of secular soldiery belt laid down, of the Levites the Ecclesiastical roll inscribed, when in the church first he sang the Gospel, in a dove's appearance sitting was seen to have the holy Spirit. Thence by command of the most monstrous Emperor the nostrils cut off, the eyes torn out, with pitch and sulphur melted in a horrendous manner poured over, a rope to the feet bound, through the city most cruelly dragged was, and at length when the head with a mallet had been bruised, the brain poured out and dispersed, to heaven the soul he breathed forth. who to Peter de Natalibus is Paulus, These things there of his deeds and martyrdom: but which all word for word are taken from Peter de Natalibus book 6 chapter 69, treating, not of Paulinus the Deacon, but of Paulus the Leader of soldiery, which names to be confounded, and confounded the names not to be distinguished the persons, also from the consequent appears.

[5] For when confesses Crumbach, much than Gelenius more diligent and more faithful a witness, not to be known, when and by whom the said Paulinus the Constantinopolitan was to Cologne translated; he himself Gelenius in this manner the body brought says: Who B. Paulinus our this, a Constantinopolitan hand down, assert also his body, after years from the martyrdom one hundred twenty and two, by divine revelation detected, to the monastery of the Carmonians, then to Venice into the sacred church of S. George brought, and gratuitously is feigned translated from Venice to Cologne at length by the Princes Germans Italy triumphing brought to the Ubii. The same of his Paulus says Peter de Natalibus, which all (as by Fortunatus Olmus edited and illustrated they exist) we shall give on the day VIII of July, when Paulus at Venice is venerated, where his body even now to be kept most certainly is believed. Never the German Princes, which Gelenius assumes, so triumphed over Italy, that the Venetians' city into their power they reduced; nor these are read anywhere into of external Princes cult so to have been profuse, that any of those holy bodies, which across the sea brought their city with the greatest zeal they fortified, to anyone they donated. And so not we shall fear those whom Gelenius followed himself his elders says, of too great credulity to argue, and to say rashly by them assumed some of a near name Martyr, since another not was found: and to his Martyrdom, in Peter narrated, to have added of the head the bruising with a mallet made: which only of Paulinus was known, of Paulus not is read. Of him moreover we say with the aforecited Gelenius: These however they may have, and of whatever he was S. Paulinus, certain he is of the Ubii among the Powers above the Patrons of the ancient Church a Patron, and in the Martyrologies on the fourth of May day known, more known in the of eternal life book.