THE SIXTH DAY OF NOVEMBER

SAINTS WHO ARE VENERATED ON THE EIGHTH DAY BEFORE THE IDES OF NOVEMBER

St. Felix, martyr, at Toniza in Africa.

St. Euflamus, in Lesser Britain.

St. Honora, in Lesser Britain.

St. Gestinus, in Lesser Britain.

St. Leonard, confessor, of Noblat.

St. Lupantius, confessor, in the territory of Chinon.

St. Felix, presbyter, hermit in the fortress of Bilibio in Spain.

St. Illtud, abbot, in Wales.

St. Felix, monk, at Fondi in Latium.

St. Aidus, prince of Oirgialla in Ireland.

St. Severus, bishop and martyr, at Barcelona.

The holy ten martyrs, at Jerusalem.

St. Protasius, called bishop of Avenches or Lausanne.

St. Cronan, abbot of Bangor.

St. Winnoc, abbot or prior of Wormhout.

St. Aemilianus, bishop, venerated at Faenza.

St. Demetrianus, bishop of Chytri.

St. Stephen, bishop of Apt.

St. Theobald, canon of Le Dorat.

PASSED OVER AND REFERRED TO OTHER DAYS

A certain translation of St. Adalbert, bishop of Prague and martyr, is kept today with a solemn feast, at least from the beginning of the thirteenth century, by the church of Esztergom [See I. Dankó, Vetus hymnarium ecclesiasticum Hungariae (Budapest, 1893), p. 253 – 60, especially p. 259 – 60; ibid., p. 458. Cf. also Catal. Lat. Paris., vol. III, p. 715, where the saint is wrongly called bishop of Liège.] , which venerates Adalbert as its principal patron.

Hadrian, Julius and Eusebius, if you read the Hieronymian codices cursorily, met death together at Nicomedia on the eighth day before the ides of November. But it is certain that the whole entry arose from a foul confusion of names. For Eusebius of Nicomedia has been wrongly transferred here from the sixth day before the ides of November; Julius, who is also Julia and Dulia, with not a few others, of whom presently, has his proper place on the day before the ides of April; and that Hadrian — if indeed he is a man, for in the excellent Echternach codex Adriopoli is read in place of Adriani — was drawn here by Eusebius of Nicomedia is made sufficiently probable Anal. Boll., vol. XXVI, p. 97. by the fact that he is joined with Atticus in the same entry, while among the companions of St. Hadrian, martyr of Nicomedia, a certain Atticus is reviewed by the Greeks on the 26th of August Synax. Eccl. CP., p. 923. . I wonder, however, that Hadrian and Atticus have not obtained a proper commemoration in the Hieronymian codices.

In the year 1522 Antoine, bishop of Le Puy, ordered that the translation of St. Agrippanus, bishop of Le Puy or Anicium, should thenceforth be celebrated today Cf. Act. SS., at 1 Feb., vol. I, p. 206; Le Puy was treated ibid., p. 204 – 6. . But the office of that translation, which is described at length in the Proper Offices of the diocese of Le Puy published in the year 1624, no longer appears in the Breviary of Le Puy of the year 1784.

St. Almarus or Agmarus, bishop of Senlis, was once announced on this day in the martyrology of the church of Saint-Rieul of Senlis, in which his body rested Cf. Gallia christiana, vol. X (1751), col. 1383. . Of him we shall treat on the following day, which is rather sacred to him.

St. Andrew, bishop of the city of Fondi, is commemorated today by Ferrari both in the Universal Martyrology and in the Italian Hagiology. He is the one of whom Gregory the Great speaks, Dial. book III, chapter 7; whom I wonder to have been thrust out of the series of the bishops of Fondi for a very slight reason by Cappelletti Le chiese d'Italia, vol. XXI (1870), p. 546. and by Gams. For the rest, we have found no indication of any ecclesiastical cult paid to him.

St. Appianus, monk in the monastery of Pavia at Ciel d'Oro, is reviewed today in a few martyrologies and also in Chastelain, who names him Apuanus. He was treated on the 4th of March, vol. I, p. 320 – 26; compare at the 29th of October, vol. XII, p. 815 – 16.

Atticus is read in the Hieronymian codices as having suffered in Phrygia, and with him Januarius, Baricus, Mammarius, Verecinus ((otherwise Vevericinus) and Veneria. There is complete confusion of things and names, and no means is available for discerning whether the individual words are read rightly or otherwise, which martyrs are to be joined under one leader, which sent off to another. Nor is it established where they suffered. Certainly Baricus is not Phrygian, and that the rest are Phrygian is the less probable because most of them seem to have been brought, I know not how, from another entry far removed from today's. For most of the names which we read on the eighth day before the ides of November are to be found also on the day before the ides of April, some also on the day before the calends of November and elsewhere too, and it is probable that the principal part of them is to be attributed to Africa rather than to Phrygia. Some martyrologists announce Atticus alone as a Phrygian martyr, such as Usuard and his followers, whose testimony is of no weight, since it flowed from the same Hieronymian codices, and one out of many names was selected at will. That Atticus is a companion of Hadrian, martyr of Nicomedia, is no slight conjecture, as we said above. Yet, that we may omit nothing which might bring some light to so obscure a matter, it must be added that a certain Atticus occurs in the Hieronymian martyrologies on the same day on which Diodorus, a Phrygian martyr, is venerated, namely the seventh day before the ides of October.

Balsamus is to be looked for below, among the companions of St. Donatus.

Baricus, whose name is Punic, is beyond doubt to be assigned to Africa. Since, however, he seems to be among those who are already announced on the day before the ides of April, his natal day is not at all established.

The wonderful history and astonishing penance of Beatrice, a Cistercian nun, who ended her last day in the monastery of the Blessed Virgin Mary of L'Olive near Mariemont in Hainaut, are related today in emulation by Bucelin (Menologium Benedictinum), Henriquez (Menologium Cisterciense) and Saussay (Martyrologium Gallicanum). But their statements derive clearly from the narrative of Caesarius of Heisterbach. He, credulous as he is, blurted out a quite childish legend about the fall and conversion of Beatrice and about the singular patronage of the Blessed Virgin Mary toward her Dialogus miraculorum, dist. VII, chapter 35 (ed. Strange, vol. II, p. 42 – 43). ; but he indicates not even the least trace even of popular cult. Bucelin does indeed add that the devout female sex flocks in crowds to the place where her tomb stood (for the convent and the church perished by fire); but when that popular veneration began, whether it has lasted, and in what way it has shown itself, he is entirely silent. And so we too shall imitate his silence.

That the memory of St. Castus, bishop and martyr, is celebrated today at Benevento we have from the Vatican codex 5949, which is a martyrology for the use of Santa Sofia of Benevento Sollerius, Martyrologium Usuardi, p. 656. . In other codices it is put off to the following day, and rightly, if you listen to Ferrari Catalogus sanctorum Italiae, p. 698. , whom we think should be followed.

Bl. Christina, a virgin of the third order of St. Dominic, a native of Stommeln, a village situated near Cologne, most martyrologies pass over in silence. But mention of her is made by Greven in his edition of Usuard, by Canisius and by Chastelain on this day, on which she died. But her acts were long ago set forth abundantly on the 22nd of June, on which her sacred bones were solemnly translated from Nideggen to Jülich Act. SS., June vol. IV, p. 274 – 434. . But if anyone should need to consult the original texts of the Acts themselves, it will be better to use the edition of them which Johan Paulson produced to the strictest standard [Jülicher-handskriften till Petrus de Dacia, Göteborg, 1894; Petri de Dacia Vita Christinae Stumbelensis, fasc. II secundum de Vita Christinae librum continens, Gothenburg, 1896; In tertiam partem libri Iuliacensis annotationes, Göteborg, 1896. Cf. Anal. Boll., vol. XVI, p. 532 – 34.] ; nor will it be right to neglect the very many emendations and notices of things, places and persons diligently supplied both by Quétif and Échard [Scriptores Ordinis Praedicatorum, vol. I, p. 408 – 12, where there is given a summary of the life of Peter of Dacia, who was bound by a most chaste familiarity with Bl. Christina and through whose work the virgin's fame spread to posterity.] and by Th. Wollersheim, the most recent biographer of Bl. Christina [Das Leben der ekstatischen und stigmatisirten Jungfrau Christina von Stommeln, Köln, 1859.] Cf. Histoire litteraire de la France, vol. XXVIII (1881), p. 1 – 26. .

Condelocus, monk of Redon, we know from nowhere else than from the anonymous author of the three books On the Deeds of the Saints of Redon (BHL. 1945); in which little work Condelocus is praised as the constant companion of Conwoion Book I, chapters 1, 10. , and from a brief compendium of his life Book II, chapter 3: On Condeluc, monk and gardener. it appears that he was a man of outstanding virtue, who is said to have expelled caterpillars from the monastery garden by an adjuration in the name of the Most Holy Trinity and to have foretold the day of his death. But absolutely no indication, whether in this place or elsewhere, has been brought forward of ecclesiastical or popular cult paid to him. Nonetheless Chastelain gave him a place among the Gallican saints on the 6th of November in his Universal Martyrology, and after him, in their martyrologies of the Benedictine saints composed in German, the monk of Donauwörth [Kirchenkalender aller Heiligen welche unter der Regel des H. Benediktus gelebet haben, gesammelt von einem Benediktiner des Klosters zum heil. Kreuze in Donauwerth (1786), part II, p. 237.] and Peter Lechner Ausfühurliches Martyrologium des Benediktiner-Ordens (Augsburg, 1855), p. 426. .

The translation of St. Corbinian, carried out in the year 1713, is commemorated today by the martyrology of Paris printed in the year 1727: At Castrus in the territory of Paris, the translation of the relics of St. Corbinian, first bishop of Freising. That place Castrus, in which Corbinian was born [Cf. Arbeo's Life of Corbinian, chapter 1, ed. S. Riezler in Abhandlungen der k. bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften., III Cl., XVIII Bd., I Abth., p. 245.] , is today called Chatres [Riezler, l. c. and ibid., p. 236, names Chartrettes, a town which lies even nearer to Melun; but the learned man is mistaken. Cf. Mabillon, Act. SS. O. S. B., saec. III, 1, p. 501, annot. a, b; Act. SS., Sept. vol. VIII, p. 263.] , not far from Melodunum (Melun, dép. Seine-et-Marne). Of St. Corbinian we treated at the 8th of September, vol. III, p. 261 – 96; and of the translation at Castrus ibid., p. 280, nos. 101, 102, where it may be seen that it took place in the year 1710, not 1713.

Domninus, who today wanders among the Africans, is a martyr of Palestine, of whom above, p. 46 ff.

Donatus, Paul, Balsamus, Domninus, Primus or Prima, Dulius or Dulia, Fortunatus or Fortunata, Januarius or Januaria, and Quarta, on the testimony of the Hieronymian martyrologies, are reckoned to have suffered today in Africa. But there was never any troop of these saints except in books. For Domninus is a martyr of Caesarea, of whom yesterday; the mention of Fortunatus, as we shall say shortly, is suspect. The disordered tradition of the Hieronymian entries suggests that Quarta is yesterday's Quartus. All the rest, except Balsamus, of whom the other sources are silent, are read as having suffered in various places on the day before the ides of April, some also on the day before the calends of November, on the fifth day before the ides of May, and elsewhere. By what means they were carried over here is still hidden.

Dulia or Dulius seems to have been written for Julia, Julius in the Hieronymian codices.

The translation of Epiphanius and Isidore, on the testimony of Ferrari Catalogus generalis sanctorum, p. 434. and of Saussay, who seems to have copied Ferrari Martyrologium Gallicanum, p. 1192. , is held celebrated at Besançon on the eighth day before the ides of November. The "Relevation" of both saints is announced on the fifth day before the ides of November by the martyrology of the church of Saint-Jean of Besançon Act. SS., Aug. vol. I, p. 327. . Whatever matter underlies the entry, I should believe that Ferrari erred about the day.

St. Eudocia, a nun at Rome in the convent of Santa Cecilia, is indicated by Hugues Ménard in the second appendix to the Martyrology of the Saints of the Order of the Divine Benedict Paris, 1629, p. 140. , from Ottavio Gaetani in the Idea of his work on the Saints of Sicily, but with no day of cult assigned. Arthur du Monstier thence inserted her into his Sacred Gynaeceum on this day, the 6th of November, by what right I know not; for he too brings forward no other sources besides Gaetani and Ménard, nor have we found any other memory of her anywhere. Certainly in Gaetani's posthumous work on the Lives of the Sicilian Saints there is complete silence about her.

Eusebius, who in the Echternach codex is very rightly called of Nicomedia, and who also occurs on the seventh and sixth days before the ides of November, is established by the Syriac breviary as claiming this last day for himself.

Eustasius is commemorated today by the Echternach codex alone, and again on the morrow, on which he also occurs in the other codices and will have to be treated by us, if it should happen that anything is found besides the name.

The bare name of Fedbaria (Fedbair) is entered on the 6th of November in the Martyrology of Gorman. But in the gloss on this place she is said to have been a virgin, from Botha Eich Raichnig (the Martyrology of Gorman, edited by Whitley Stokes, p. 213). Nor is anything more reported of her in the Lebar Laignech (Book of Leinster), cited by the distinguished Whitley Stokes in the indices of places (ibid., p. 297) and of persons (ibid., p. 361).

Of Bl. Felix of Meda, virgin and abbess of the order of St. Clare, whose cult Pius VII approved and whose feast, with Mass and office, Pius IX permitted the Friars Minor to celebrate today, the Acts were already elucidated by our predecessors on the day of her death, the 30th of September Act. SS., Sept. vol. VIII, p. 751 – 69. .

Fortis, whom some reckon among the African martyrs Fiorentini, Vetustius occidentalis ecclesiae martyrologium, pp. 954, 955, 1070. on the authority of the Hieronymian codices, is the name of none of the saints, since it is established that it is nothing but the truncated first letters of Fortunatus.

That Fortunatus or Fortunata is very frequently associated in the Hieronymian martyrologies with any Felix at the pleasure of the scribe, and that his natal day is therefore not to be thought celebrated on this day, we have said in another place Anal. Boll., vol. XXVI, p. 97. .

Geoffrey of Verdun, who, filled with heavenly gifts, led the cenobitic manner of life at Clairvaux, is numbered among the blessed by Henriquez and those who copied him, Bucelin and Saussay, although they do not commend any cult of his whatever by even a slight indication. Until, therefore, that has been done, he is to be removed from our little treatises.

The restitution of our holy father Ghislain is inscribed today in the martyrology of the abbey of Saint-Ghislain [Cod. 193 (otherwise 68 or 8389) of the public library of Mons, fol. 50. That book was written in the year 1538.] and thence passed into some more recent martyrologies. This is the solemn memory of the body of the blessed patron recovered by the monks of Saint-Ghislain about the year 930, which the monks of Maubeuge had attempted to procure for themselves by a pious theft [See the Inventio et miracula S. Gisleni, chapter 5 (Act. SS., Oct. vol. IV, p. 1036; MG., Scr. vol. XV, p. 577 – 78) and Rainer's Miracula S. Gisleni, chapter 2 (Anal. Boll., vol. V, p. 253 – 55; MG., vol. cit., p. 582 – 83 chapter 3).] . That restitution indeed is said to have been made on the 13th of December Rainer, l. c. , but it used to be kept with a liturgical office on this day, the 6th of November [That this was done in his own time also, that is, in the eighteenth century, is testified by Pierre Baudry († 1752), Annales de l'abbaye de S. Ghislain, book I, in Reiffenberg, Monuments pour servir a l'hist. des prov. de Namur, de Hainaut et de Luxembourg, vol. VIII, p. 273.] .

The translation of St. Gregory, bishop of Langres, has long been kept today by the church of Langres [Cf. Catal. Lat. Paris., vol. III, p. 175, and the Besançon codex of Usuard used by Sollerius.] . This translation was made by St. Tetricus, son and successor of Gregory; on which see Gregory of Tours, Vit. Patr., chapter VII, no. 4 Ed. Krusch in MG., Scr. rer. merov., vol. I, p. 689 – 90. . Of the saint himself some things were brought forward in these Acts at the 4th of January, vol. I, p. 167 – 70.

Herculianus, confessor, is announced today in one Rosweyde codex of Usuard Sollerius, Martyrologium Usuardi, p. 655. , in the others on the following day, namely as Herculanus, bishop of Perugia.

Januarius or Januaria is associated today both with the African martyrs together with Donatus and with the Phrygian martyrs together with Atticus; both uncertain, as we have said.

Julius, who is also Julia, or Dulius, Dulia, reviewed today in the Hieronymian codices, I judge to be among those who wander from their place and are to be looked for on the day before the ides of April.

The translation of St. Junianus, abbot, was once kept today in the church of Nouaillé Mabillon, Act. SS. O. S. B., saec. IV, 1, p. 433, annot. a. , by which his sacred body had been carried here in the year 830 from the monastery of Mairé [See the history of the translation ibid., p. 432 – 33; Act. SS., Aug. vol. III, p. 36, nos. 18 – 21.] . Of Junianus we treated at the 13th of August, vol. III, p. 32 – 46.

St. Laetus, of whom we treated on the 5th Above, p. 67 – 79. , is said to have died on the 6th Life of St. Laetus, chapter 9 (ibid., p. 76E). , and therefore his memory is made on the same day in certain martyrologies and calendars.

St. Leodegarius, bishop, that is, of Saintes, whose sacred day is the 12th of November Cf. Catal. Lat. Paris., vol. III, p. 718. , is inscribed today in the calendar of some missal or other of the twelfth century which is kept in the Bibliothèque Nationale at Paris, cod. lat. 9437 Cf. ibid., p. 715 and p. 588. .

A brief Life of St. Luke, a native of Taormina in Sicily, is read today in the synaxaria of the Greeks, and has been edited by us Synax. Eccl. CP., p. 199. , nor has anything further been found as yet about his history or cult. If it should ever happen that the more extended Life from which the synaxarion was contracted is found, we shall give it in the Analecta.

St. Lupentius, martyr "in Champagne under the episcopate of Châlons", is announced today by Saussay. But our predecessor B. Bossue showed that that Lupentius is none other than the one who is venerated on the 22nd of October. Cf. Act. SS., Oct. vol. IX, p. 601 – 613, but especially p. 606 – 607, no. 16.

Maelan, who is announced on this day in the Martyrology of Gorman, the distinguished Whitley Stokes (Martyrology of Gorman, p. 379) judges very probably to be the same as that Melanius, bishop of Rennes, of whom presently; who is named on this day in many ancient martyrologies with Leonard the confessor and Winnoc the abbot, who are also read as entered here in Gorman.

Mammarius. See above, Atticus.

Mark and his kinsman Sebastian, noblemen of Venice, having set out from their homeland in the twelfth century in order to venerate the bodies of the saints in various places, after various journeys at last arrived in the territory of Limoges, at the place where the tomb of St. Leonard the confessor is honored with particular devotion. When that Mark had resolved to settle not far from there, he founded and governed the priory of L'Artige under the rule of St. Augustine. To him afterwards Sebastian, his nephew and the companion of his labors, succeeded as second prior. And after some space of time had elapsed, the sacred remains of both were carried into the greater Artige, to which the whole monastery was moving, with the favor of Gerald, bishop of Limoges († 1177). This is the sum of what Fl. Corner transferred from the little commentaries of Bernard Gui on the foundation of the order of L'Artige [Ed. in Labbe, Nova Bibl. mss., vol. II, p. 278. Cf. what L. Delisle discussed concerning this chronicle, Notice sur les mss. de Bernard Gui, Notices et Extraits des mss. de la bibliothèque nationale, vol. XXVII, 2, p. 265 – 66.] into his Italian Hagiology under the 6th of November Vol. II (1773), p. 277. . Nothing indeed occurs there from which any public cult could be claimed for these admirable men. Nor is it a wonder that the monks carried away with them the sacred bones of their founders and laid them beside the altar in the new church, which was dedicated to the holy martyr Lawrence [Texier, Notes sur l'abbaye de l'Artige (Limousin), Bulletin monumental, vol. VI (1840), p. 17.] . For such a translation and place of burial were not seldom granted to men whom the people indeed regarded, without the Church honoring them with any cult. There existed, finally, placed over the tomb, a certain inscription, which seems to have been composed in the fourteenth century Ibid., p. 20 – 21. . This heaps Mark and Sebastian with praises, but calls them neither saints nor blessed, and in no way alludes to liturgical honors. That the Venetian writer should attach the commemoration of his fellow citizens to the 6th of November, he was probably led by the remembrance of the piety with which they burned toward St. Leonard, whose feast is celebrated on this day.

The deposition of St. Melanius, bishop of Rennes, is commemorated today by the Hieronymian martyrologies and not a few other recent ones. But the ordination and passing of the same Melanius are also read inscribed on the 6th of January in the same Hieronymian martyrologies, in the martyrology of Usuard, in the Roman, in others; on which day Bolland treated of him, Act. SS., Jan. vol. I, p. 327 – 34. Afterwards, however, other Lives of the holy bishop were found, not known to Bolland, among which is the most ancient Life itself, which the distinguished Bruno Krusch edited, MG., Scr. rer. merov. vol. III, p. 370 – 76 (cf. Anal. Boll., vol. XVI, p. 87). See also L. Duchesne, Saint Melaine, évêque de Rennes, in Recueil de mémoires publiés par les membres de la Société nationale des Antiquaires de France (Paris, 1904), p. 105 – 109 (cf. Anal. Boll., vol. XXIV, p. 296).

The arrival of the martyrs Nazarius and Celsus at Autun from the Italian parts has been added to Usuard in the codex D. Le Mare A Sollerius, Martyrologium Usuardi, p. 655. and in some liturgical books for the use of the church of Autun Catal. Lat. Paris., vol. III, p. 716. . Of the cult of both saints among the Aedui we spoke at the 28th of July Act. SS., July vol. VI, p. 516. .

On this day there is inscribed in the menaea and synaxaria of the Greeks St. Paul of Constantinople, whose feast it was the established custom to keep in the Great Church on the Sunday nearest to this day Synax. Eccl. CP., p. 198. . Of the holy martyr our forebears treated where he is commemorated in the Roman martyrology, namely on the 7th of June. Here, therefore, I would only have it noted that the Greek Acts of St. Paul have meanwhile come to light [BHG. p. 105. Cf. F. Fischer, De patriarcharum Constantinopolitanorum catalogis, Commentationes philologae Ienenses, vol. III, p. 318 – 19.] .

Of St. Paul of Corinth, fool for Christ's sake, whose bare commemoration is inserted in the synaxaria on this day and on the last of February Synax. Eccl. CP., pp. 200, 495. , Acts were beyond doubt written, since a fragment of them, though a very brief one, is preserved in the Paris codex 1452 Catal. Gr. Paris., p. 121. . Until they are found entire, we have nothing to bring forward about the saint.

Pelagius the Portuguese, of the Order of St. Dominic, commonly called San Paio, "when he had long labored faithfully and fervently and humbly in the office of preaching and the hearing of confessions", at last gave back his soul to God about the year 1240 in the convent of Coimbra, of which he was the first prior, if credit can be given to an inscription of the sixteenth century. And immediately after his death his tomb was glorious with miracles. An account of these, sent from Portugal, Gerard de Frachet inserted in his Lives of the Brethren, already published in the year 1265 Part V, chapter IX, ed. Reichert (1896), p. 295 – 96. . From this it is established, as is confirmed also by other signs, that Pelagius was once, and for at least a long time, honored with popular cult in the region of Coimbra. Moreover, those who after him purposely pursued the memory of the distinguished servant of God added little to this description of Gerard, if you take away the ornaments of style [For example, St. Antoninus, Chronicles, title 23: On the origin of the order of the Friars Preachers; L. Alberti, De viris illustribus ordinis Praedicatorum (Bologna 1517), f. 192r_v; Hernando de Castillo, Primera parte de la historia general de Santo Domingo (Valencia, 1587), p. 325 – 26.] ; nor do they bring forward anything probable about the day of his death. For besides those who are entirely silent, such as the Rev. Fr. F. X. Faucher, O. P., who very recently collected with diligence the acts and the traces of the cult of the venerable Pelagius Le B. Pélage de Portugal (extract from the Annales Dominicaines, 1904), 12 pp. , some assign the 6th of November [So, with his following, Fr. Steill, Ephemerides dominicano-sacrae (Dillingen, 1691), Geistlichen Lustgartens des H. Prediger-Ordens elffter Monath, p. 68; an elogium which is not very accurate.] , others the 19th of December Manoel de Lima, Agiologio Dominico, vol. IV (Lisbon, 1712), p. 596 – 98. , yet they produce no indication by which their opinion may be supported. This we too have tried in various ways, but in vain, to unravel. Since, therefore, no reason seems so far to favor either opinion, and the hope shines out that what pertains to the cult of Pelagius will one day be sanctioned by legitimate authority, we leave the matter to be settled by our successors.

Peter, disciple of St. Bernard, sent over into Spain and made first abbot of the convent of Santa María de Moreruela in the territory of Zamora, is commemorated only in the supplement to the Gallican Martyrology (p. 1192) by Saussay. Though he toiled excellently in the vineyard of the Lord, "conspicuous for prophecy and signs", yet, since every trace of cult is lacking, he must be passed over by us in silence.

Primus or Prima is reviewed above among the companions of St. Donatus.

That Quarta is wrongly numbered among the Africans we have already said, and in her place we think Quartus, of whom yesterday, should be read, unless you understand the Quartus who is entered on the day before the ides of April.

Reparata, a certain dweller of the Carmel of Jerusalem, ennobled with the title of saint, was inscribed by Philip of the Visitation in his catalogue [Acies bene ordinata plurium sanctorum et beatorum utriusque sexus Ordinis Carmelitarum ex variis martyrologiis et kalendariis collecta, second edition (Valenciennes, 1670).] . Would that it had pleased the diligent investigator to reveal both more about Reparata herself and at least something about her public cult.

Bl. Rusticus, third abbot general of Vallombrosa, is announced today by Wion, Bucelin and Ménard. For there were those who believed that he died on this very day; but he seems to have ended his life on the 12th of March Cf. Act. SS., Aug. vol. I, p. 104, no. 19. , nor have I found any day assigned on which he is venerated singly [Rusticus is named neither in the martyrology nor in the proper offices of the congregation of Vallombrosa.] . Of the ecclesiastical honors that have been paid to his relics, see in our work at the 1st of August Act. SS., vol. cit., p. 101 – 6. . Whoever wishes to learn something of him, let him go to the Ven. Simi, Catalogus sanctorum et plurium virorum illustrium qui … effloruerunt in Valle Umbrosa (1693), p. 264 – 67.

The translation of the Blood of the Lord to Reichenau is said to be inscribed on this day [De Rossi-Duchesne in Act. SS., Nov. vol. II, 1, p. [140].] in the Augia or Reichenau copy of the Hieronymian martyrology, in these words: slat sanguinis dni in augia(m). Ipso die s. Willibrordi epi & c. [The translation of the Blood of the Lord to Reichenau. On the same day, of St. Willibrord, bishop, etc.] But this little note, which in that copy has been added between the lines by a later hand, I judge should be transferred to the following day, that is, the 7th of November: for this day is sacred to St. Willibrord [Yet Alcuin related that Willibrord died on the 6th, and on that same day the memory of Willibrord occurs in certain martyrologies.] , and it has been ascertained that on the same day, the 7th, the feast of the translation of the Blood of the Lord was solemnly held every year with a perpetual rite in the monastery of Reichenau [See Mone, Quellensammlung der badischen Landesgeschichte, vol. I (1848), p. 76, no. 32; MG., Scr. vol. IV, p. 449.] . The history of that translation, which took place in the year 925, was written by a certain monk of Reichenau, at the end, as it seems, of the tenth century (= BHL. 4152).

Simon, "head of the monastery of Aulne in the territory of Liège, a man thoroughly religious and earnestly devoted to works of charity", is added at the foot of this day by Saussay in his Gallican Martyrology. But by what right he adorned him with the title of blessed is wholly hidden from us.

St. Theutonicus, abbot in Lesser Brittany, is inscribed on this day in the Altemps codex of Usuard; but Sollerius warned that that name "is not rightly expressed". I should indeed think that under this corrupt form there lies hidden either St. Guethenoc, of whom above at the 5th, p. 96 ff., or St. Quadanoc or Madonoc, both companions of St. Winnoc, whose memory is kept on this day, the 6th.

Verecinus, Vevericinus, Veneria are uncertain names, of which we spoke already above, where we treated of Atticus and the Phrygian martyrs. In the entry of the day before the ides of April, which has many things in common with today's, Verecundus and Venustus are read.

St. Weomad, archbishop of Trier, is announced on this day by Chastelain, for what reason I know not. Of him we shall treat on the 8th.

Willebald, bishop and confessor, is commemorated today in the codex of the martyrology of Usuard which Sollerius named "Rosweydinum". I do not at all doubt that he is the same as the following.

For St. Willehad, bishop of Bremen, is remembered today by certain interpolated copies of Usuard; among which the Altemps copy names him Winnehaddus. Of that saint we shall treat on the 8th of November.

St. Willibrord, bishop of Utrecht, is announced today in the Reichenau copy of the Hieronymian martyrology See, however, above, where we spoke of the translation of the Blood of the Lord. , in Hrabanus, and in some more recent martyrologies and calendars. Of him we shall treat on the following day.