Betharius

ON ST. BETHARIUS, BISHOP AND CONFESSOR,

OF CHARTRES IN GAUL.

About the year 623.

PRELIMINARY COMMENTARY.

The Saint's cult; the Acts, and his age.

Betharius, bishop of Chartres in Gaul (S.)

P. B.

The name of St. Betharius, bishop of Chartres, is found expressed variously: in the Chesne manuscript he is constantly called Botharius; in the Clermont one always Beharius; among the people of Blois Boharius (saint Bohaire); His name; and the cult of today; by Bellinus, Bethasius: but in the Fuligny manuscript, and others, as is noted in the margin of the Chesne manuscript, everywhere is written Betharius; which, since the church of Chartres retains it, we too here shall follow. His cult, although ancient and immediately after his death, as Saussay testifies, ascribed to the Fasti, was long scarcely known outside the limits of the diocese of Chartres. Certainly of it none of the foreign Martyrologists (that we know) made mention before Bellinus in the Paris edition of the year 1521; in which however both the Saint's name and the birthday are wrongly noted; as was observed yesterday in the Passed Over. More accurate than Bellinus was Molanus, in the edition of the year 1573 on the 4th of the Nones of August having thus: At Chartres, of St. Betharius, bishop of the same city, famous for holiness and miracles. On the same day and by the same name he is reported by Galesini, citing the tablets of the church of Chartres; by Ferrari in the general Catalogue; by Saussay in the Gallican Martyrology, where he has a long eulogy; and finally by Castellanus in the Universal Martyrology. In the modern Roman one he has no place. In the Breviary which we have of the church of Chartres, printed at Paris in the year 1633, his Office is prescribed to be celebrated with semi-double rite on this day; but there is nothing peculiar in it, besides the three lessons of the second nocturn, referring the Saint's Life in compendium.

[2] Saussay is author, that he soon after death had temples consecrated to his memory: his sepulcher once frequented on account of miracles: among which, marked with his name, he says, a church between Blois and Vendôme is even now seen. Of this it is said in the Chartres Breviary on this day: And (St. Betharius) being carried up near the town of Blois, was buried in a sacred building, where before he had led a solitary life, on the fourth of the Nones of August: and in his Life, as it is in the Clermont manuscript: For before his death he asked of the clerics, the magnates (perhaps: of the magnates) and (that is, and) those subject to him, that his body be translated into the district of Blois, to the cell which he had once built, for the memory of himself. Who, obedient to his commands, with great preparation translated his body thither to be buried; where Christ bestows on the sick very many benefits of powers. That church and the surrounding field even now is called from the Saint's name Saint Bohaire; but it is distant from Blois (commonly Blois), according to this author, num. 4, three leagues; according to Blaeu, nearly two; from Vendôme (in the vernacular Vendosme) nearly three; but from Chartres, in the Blaeu maps, easily thirteen. Hence our Life num. 14: I exhort all (the Chartres biographer addresses) who pant to follow the footsteps of that most Blessed one, that they be not separated by the space of the length of the lands; let them incessantly adhere to the pavement, where his holy bones rest buried, etc. From which everyone sees, that on account of the memory, relics, and miracles of St. Betharius, this church was once most famous. These sacred pledges were afterward taken away thence; although of the translation we have found nothing anywhere, not even in the praised Breviary, whose edition however

it long preceded; since eighteen years before, in the History of the Church of Chartres, Roulliard testifies, chapter 8, num. 3, and chapter 10, num. 30, that his body is religiously kept in the cathedral basilica of the people of Chartres. Whence Saussay too, But his precious remains, he says, are venerated even today in the mother-church of Chartres; where they are laid away behind the high altar in a reliquary of ancient work.

[3] The ancient Life, The Life of this holy Prelate, written by an anonymous author, Andreas du Chesne made such account of, that he reported not a few of its fragments in the Contemporary Writers of the History of the Franks, tom. 1, page 560. He judged therefore this to be an ancient monument, and worthy of historical credit, and not much removed from the age of St. Betharius. The same seem to have thought Valois, Le Cointe, Daniel, and others, since for illustrating the history and times of Clothaire II they did not hesitate to employ this writer. That he was certainly a pious man, we gather from the prologue; why then not also truthful; when at num. 2 he says: We have written what we know? He does not there adduce older writings for himself; but only the religious eloquence of the saints (of those, I believe, who, having lived some time with Betharius, still survived), and his own memory; as may be seen num. 11. We have here therefore without doubt the first source of the Acts of our Saint, by which we can safely purge the errors of certain more recent writers. That he was of Chartres, both other things betray, and especially that affection at num. 13: But now let us fix (alas) tearfully our style upon that, in what age departed OUR most pious Pastor. From the same words thou wilt draw, that he wrote these things for the people of Chartres; which also num. 7 he affirms more expressly.

[4] here first to be published complete from the manuscripts; Fragments of this Life we have already said were published in type; but the complete one I am mistaken if anyone has yet published; although manuscript copies of it are not very rare: for Le Cointe at the year of Christ 567, num. 34, cites it from the Vendôme codex; du Chesne, or he who transcribed his copy for us, signifies that he read it in several codices; Papebroch took it down with his own hand from the manuscript of the library of the Clermont College of the Society of Jesus at Paris; but destitute of the prologue, which Henschenius supplied from the Fuligny manuscript. Moreover, although our two copies, namely the Clermont and the Chesne, for the most part agree down to number 13; yet because the latter is somewhat more elegant and simpler than the former, this it seemed good to exhibit. Nor will the differences in the Clermont exemplar, if any be worthy of observation, be neglected either in the margins or in the notes.

[5] I said, that by this source the errors of certain more recent writers must be washed away: from it the errors of certain writers are corrected. since therefore here thou shalt read num. 6 and 7, that St. Betharius succeeded immediately to the see of Chartres on the death of Papulus or Pappolus; amend the series of the bishops of Chartres, digested in the Sammarthani in such a way, that between Pappolus and Betharius altogether ten prelates are interposed; whereas in truth not even one intervened. When thou shalt likewise have noticed at the same numbers, that that succession happened under Lothair, or Clothaire, the second, designated by most evident characters, since he is called son of king Chilperic, and is said to have reigned with queen Fredegund, his mother; and that at the time of Theodoric, according to num. 8, king of Burgundy, grandson of Brunichild, cousin of Clothaire (for so our anonymous calls Theodoric, because he was son of Childebert, whom Clothaire II had as cousin); when besides thou shalt have observed in the same place, that St. Betharius held the church of Chartres now in his sixth year, when by the same Theodoric the same Clothaire in the year of Christ 600 was conquered in battle; when, I say, thou shalt have considered all these things, see how much Saussay and others before and after him were deluded, when they referred these things to Clothaire III and his brother Theodoric, in whose reign, the last, the Saint most happily fell asleep in Christ in the year 679. But as it is certain from our Life, that the defeat of Clothaire II fell in the sixth year from the ordination of St. Betharius; so it is certain from the Chronicle of Fredegar chapter 20, that it happened in the 5th year of the reign of Theuderic, or of Christ 600: and again, as it is thence certain that Betharius was ordained bishop in the year of Christ 594; so it is certain from Flodoard, that he did not reach the synod of Reims, celebrated in the advanced year of Christ 624 or the following 625; since at that synod was present Bertegisilus, already then bishop of Chartres; as may be seen in Labbe, in the Councils.

[6] For the rest, since our Life num. 13 relates that our Prelate died, The Saint's age. wearied now by a long age, we thought Le Cointe must be assented to, when he extends his episcopate down to the year 623; about to protract it even longer, if the synod already mentioned allowed: for no one seems rightly to be called wearied by a long age who is less than seventy. Since therefore, according to our Life num. 3, St. Betharius came to Chartres, even then a boy, Pappolus already sitting there, who could not have sat before the year 567 (as Le Cointe rightly shows at that year, num. 33 and 34); thou wilt scarcely find his required age, unless thou grant to his episcopate as much space as the synod of Reims allows: for grant (to say the most) that he came to the people of Chartres in the very year 567; grant that he then counted sixteen years of age (for who would attribute more to a boy?); even so in the year of Christ 623 the Saint would have reached an age of only seventy-two years. But indeed who would assert either that Pappolus obtained the infulae of Chartres in the year 567; or that at the very beginning of his dignity Betharius came thither, and that a boy of sixteen years? There is no reason therefore why he should be believed to have migrated from this life before the year 623. Now, reader, receive the Acts.

LIFE

By an anonymous author, from the manuscript of Don Andreas du Chesne, collated with the manuscript of our Clermont library at Paris.

Betharius, bishop of Chartres in Gaul (S.)

BHL Number: 1319

FROM MANUSCRIPTS.

THE AUTHOR'S PROLOGUE.

The praises of the Saints redound to God. When the Christian religion most devoutly sets about inserting into the divine pages the deeds of the blessed Confessors, for the love of the heavenly homeland, and as a good exemplar to followers; that the miracles which through them the Lord deigned presently to work may be able to give forth their fragrance to the knowledge of all men; there is without doubt no doubt that they are heaped up to the praises of him who deigns to confer so great excellence on his faithful, still surrounded by the glue of the flesh, that, living in this world, they burst forth, saying in their praises: Our conversation is in heaven. I beseech therefore all who are about to read this little edition, that they attend not to the elegance of the grammatical art, but to the devotion of the writer. Let them hear with intent heart, how great is the glory to leave the world, and through the narrow path of the Gospel to cleave to the footsteps of the Saints; that by reading their deeds, there may come to them what in the Gospel the Truth says: Blessed are they who have not seen, and have believed.

[2] The author's credit. We have written what we know; whence we believe a little portion of eternal beatitude will be at hand. But to us it is not doubtful , that the glory of them awaits you , who believe that the Lord can fulfill in his Saints those things which you know written. I shall set about therefore now, the Lord helping, and the merits of the most blessed man Betharius ^a interceding, to pluck the lilies redolent of sweetness, and the flowers of divers odors; that I may be able to compound a nard together for the relief of many, and to anoint the misdeeds of souls and cleanse their secrets. For he who is anointed with that odor can comprehend how great things the Lord deigned to work through his Servant; as the religious eloquence of the saints testifies, and his own miracles declare; how the lamp, lit, gave light to all the faithful, set upon a mountain *; nor could it be hidden in a dark valley, to which supplement had come from heaven.

Fuligny Ms.: Nam* (For).

rather: doubtful*.

Fuligny Ms.: similis eorum* (the like of them).

Fuligny Ms.: Sion*.

THE LIFE ITSELF.

The Saint's homeland, education, clericate at Chartres, Blessed Betharius therefore was a native of the city of Rome, and, according to worldly dignity, born of a noble stock: who from his very cradle, a little boy, was educated in ecclesiastical morals. Then by his parents he is handed over to philosophy: he came to the city of Chartres, the Lord disposing, to be nurtured. At that time indeed the man of the Lord of blessed memory Papulus , bishop, ruled the church of the people of Chartres; who, seeing the Boy of good disposition upheld with all comeliness, understood that he would be for the advancement of the whole future church; * and, moved by divine instinct, shaved the hair of his holy head, and bound him to the service of the ecclesiastical order. For he was in his boyish age so given to obedience and humility, that he was not doubted to be filled by the Holy Spirit; which afterward the outcome of the matter proved ^b: for he was most fittingly educated in letters, adorned and exalted with becoming urbanity, and instituted with so great honor, that he was called doctor of the divine Letters, and master of the whole city.

[4] But when ^c day and night he pressed on that holy purpose, the solitary life, and adorned with all his strength the obedience committed to him, and hastened with all effort to seize the solitary life; he studied with humble devotion to indicate it to the bishop Papulus of good memory. But he, seeing him radiated with heavenly inspiration, gave him power in his own land and parish , wherever he wished, to build himself a secret place. Who, license being received, three leagues from the castle of the people of Blois built himself with his own hands a little cell upon the little river Sissa ^d; and that place received the name of Basilica ^e; which at the same time the blessed ^f bishop Papulus consecrated in honor of blessed George the martyr of Christ. Who also, admonished by supernal instinct, weighing the perils of a slippery life, for lessening his misdeeds, conferring on the same asylum so very poor, as though a most happy dowry, under the honor of the Holy Spirit, who is seen to be sevenfold, disposed that seven manses ^g should be lavished, for the accumulation of his salvation and of the estates conferred. And there, removed for the sake of religion, drawing long sighs for eternal happiness to be obtained, not by day and night free from divine colloquies, he commended to the Lord what he feared.

[5] For then the aforesaid Papulus, confessor of holy memory, seeing his humility, the diaconate of Chartres. and the Man growing in all good testimony, imposed on him the burden of the diaconate ^h. But he, as a most faithful dispenser of the moneys of his Lord, not bearing rude or infantile morals, as some, but standing mature and conspicuous with all goodness, ministered, laying out the talent entrusted to him by God; so that of him it was not doubted to have been said by the Lord: Well done, good and faithful servant, I will set thee over many things. But because the Lord would not long conceal the desirable treasure, but that it be an example of all goodness; so through nearly the whole province the fame of his holiness became so frequent, that the rumor of him ran even to the palace of the king.

And all with the greatest devotion astonished, and giving thanks to God, who bestowed already so great grace on the most blessed Betharius in flourishing youth—with how great grace of admiration, with how great excellence can we extol so great and most glorious a Man? For it is not to be doubted, that he is unequal * to the merits of blessed Lawrence, whose holiness shines through so many ages ⁱ.

[6] At that time too Lothair the king, the second, son of king Chilperic, He becomes archchaplain of Clothaire II, was reigning over the nation of the Franks with the queen, Fredegund by name ; who, hearing the fame of the most blessed Man, appointed him his archchaplain ^k, and set under his charge many pledges of the Saints, which he carried with him (as is the custom of kings), that the Saint with the Saints might have custody of holiness; and that of him it might deservedly be said: With the holy thou shalt be holy. For he undertook the office committed to him by the king; and he was pleasing both to God and to men. Virtues too not small the Lord showed through him at that time, which it is long to insert into our little work: but the little page tends to this, how he was exalted to glory, ordained a priest *. The aforesaid Papulus the bishop therefore at that very time departed from this light ^l, And rendered his happy soul to the stars above.

[7] then bishop of Chartres; Then all the clergy and most devout people, admonished by divine inspiration, go to the palace; beat the ears of the king with all strength; namely asking, that he give them blessed Betharius as pastor and bishop. But the king was saddened over this business, and all his nobles; because they venerated him like an angel of the Lord: nevertheless he did not defer the vows of the petitioners, but at once fulfilled the vow of the faithful. Then by imperial command * and that of all the nobles, he undertook the principate of the church of Chartres; directed from the palace, he is honored by the king with divers honors; the most blessed confessor Betharius is received most devoutly with divers apparatus of the ecclesiastical order by the faithful servants of Christ. For he began to flourish in most holy studies; and, as a most prudent bee, he ceased not to govern and feed the people subject to him as though from a maternal womb. We had disposed to annex to this little sheet, how he established the adornment of the church, and how his care of hospitality was in all things; but again we think that we need not attempt that burden; because indeed it is clearly manifest, that, one whose ordination of so great holiness was open, the fulfillment of a good conversation was by no means lacking. For to this we took care to turn our style, that we might more sagaciously intimate the passions which he sustained for the desire of the heavenly paradise and for the citizens of the church of Chartres.

[8] when, the city being perfidiously overthrown by the army of Theodoric, For at that time Lothair (as we noted above) ruled the monarchy of the kingdom of the Franks; but Theodoric in Burgundy exercised a tyrannical ^m power; who, impelled by the counsel of his grandmother Brunichild, being most fierce and of a facile disposition, drew together a hostile army, innumerable as the sand of the sea, from Burgundy and Alemannia and Gothia ⁿ, and the other nations, and marched against Lothair, his cousin ; Lothair on the contrary moving his army, they met together ^o. But Clothaire, slipping away in flight, came all the way to the forest of Perche [p]. But Theodoric, hearing that the city of the church of Chartres was very well fortified, and that innumerable treasures were laid up there, and commended to the Man of the Lord, directed against it the greatest part of his army. And the innumerable army and barbarous multitude coming to Chartres, desiring to seize the most blessed Betharius, in the sixth year of his ordination [q]; then the aforesaid Priest, shut up together with the clergy and people within the walls of the city, tried bravely to defend himself. But the most blessed Man, an oath being received from them, that neither he himself nor his people should suffer any evil, believing their faith, opened the gates of the city. But as soon as he laid open the entrance, they invaded the whole city in barbarous fashion, devastating all things; but of the people the greatest multitude fell by the sword [r].

[9] he himself seized, bore much for his own; but soon illustrated by miracles, But holy Betharius, seeing the destruction of his city, gave himself to danger, namely thrusting himself into the midst of the enemies; asking that they slay him alone, and dismiss the innocent people from the slaughter of the incursion. But the enemies, moved with anger, dared to bind with a sling the hands of this most holy Man, and the rabid dogs led him with them all the way to the port , which is called Vilemeldis, with all injury, upon the river Audura [s]. The wolves had a companion of the journey, whose suffrage they were unworthy to feel. But since the Man of the Lord was full of charity, most firm in faith, and in no way able to mitigate the furies of the most cruel nation, he chose the counsel, to give a price for the redemption of the captives; but whence to give, he in no way had, especially since he was held most strongly bound with thongs by the perfidious, and was seen to have power over no part of his body on the ground, by the wondrous disposition of almighty God [t], there were present to him on the spot five hundred solidi [u]; which the canine enemies seeing, took away, and gave back a little part to the captives ; but the holy Man himself they led all the way to the presence of king Theodoric. Meanwhile one of the barbarians of that nation tried to draw off from his holy hands the gloves (which they commonly call wantos), and to cover his own unworthy hands. But suddenly divine vengeance was present: for, seized by a demon, he began to tear himself with his own teeth, and by gnawing to mutilate his own hands; and he who once was the murderer of another, by a cruel death slew himself. The enemies, seeing such things, began to soften their stony hearts, and to serve the Servant of the Lord with all devotion.

[10] Meanwhile blessed Betharius, seized and bound for the people, is honorably and liberally dismissed by Theodoric and Brunichild. was led all the way to king Theodoric and Brunichild, by whom so cruel an army had been destined. But the king and the nobles, seeing his humility, or the holiness of the most holy Man, having learned that he was God's elect, began to venerate him with divine trembling: moreover, prostrate too at his knees, they asked, that he would deign to receive them in his prayers; who also consented, and presently fulfilled what they asked. We believe also, that the Lord therefore permitted his Servant to go before the king with so great contumely, that the perfidious, seeing his humility, and knowing his holiness, might mitigate themselves from too great ferocity; and give back the captured booty, which they had unjustly taken. Which was so done: for, Theodoric commanding, all the captivity is given back, and the great booty, and the treasures of the church; moreover, honored too by the king and all the nobles with many other gifts, he returns to his own, Christ being propitious to the city. But one thing must not be kept silent, that this holy Man in his works was not unlike the bishop Paulinus, who delivered himself for the redemption of his people into the service of a poor little woman [x].

[11] It happened too in those days, that a synodal council was proclaimed at the city of Sens [y]; At Sens, besides other miracles, he heals a deaf man; to which when he had come with the other clerics, he was there received before the pontiffs with all honor. But for some time while they stayed there, the fame of the Man of the Lord became known through the places round about neighboring. Then many sick coming to him were presently saved by his prayers: for so great grace the Lord had granted him by the doctrine of exhortation, that whoever had come to him, to hear his word, so departed enlightened, and suffused with tears, as though the blind had been inflamed by the ray of Christ. Meanwhile let us tell one miracle of him among many implanted in our memory, lest we seem to bring weariness to the reader. There was a certain man, in that province chief according to worldly dignity, by name Portagius; who had lost the hearing of his ears now for two years. But when he heard the fame of the most blessed Man, he came devoutly to him; and prostrate at his knees, began tearfully to ask, that by his prayers he might merit the hearing long since taken away. To whose prayers the most blessed Man began to struggle, and to cry out that he was unworthy of this work. But he confessed, that he would not depart, before he received from him the lost hearing. Which he hearing, greatly marveled at the man's faith. Then trusting in him who said, that all things are possible to the believer, he impressed the sign of the cross on his ears; and at once he received the hearing which he had lost.

[12] likewise a possessed woman, and two blind men. On a certain day too, when the most blessed Man lay before the altar of the most glorious Virgin Mary prostrate with his whole body, there came thither a certain girl, for very many years now suffering the vexation of a demon; but as soon as the holy Man beheld the little girl tortured by the dire enemy, he flew to the known aids of prayers; and, his knees fixed to the ground, prayed at length, and repelled the envious enemy, the adversary of the human race. And presently made whole, giving thanks to God and the most blessed Betharius, she returned whole, who for a long time had been vexed by the demon. Likewise there were two blind men in the same city *, who for a long time now had lacked the light of the present life; who were brought to the blessed Man by divine revelation: for they had seen in dreams, hands laid on them by blessed Betharius and their sight received. But as soon as they came before the sight of the Man of God, they began repeatedly to cry out: Holy Betharius, restore to us the light; because thy Lord therefore sent us to thee. Which the most blessed Betharius hearing, marveling and looking up to heaven, said tearfully to them: If my Lord Jesus Christ sent you to his Servant, in his name I command you, that your eyes be opened. But they, as though waking, were made whole, having no suffering of the eyes; and those who had come thither by the help of others, having their own sights as guides, Christ favoring, returned to their own homes unharmed. For very many are the miracles which through his Servant the Lord deigned to show on earth; but that the prolixity of the reading be not burdensome to the reader, it suffices to have said a few of many.

[13] The Saint's death. But now let us, alas, tearfully fix our style upon that, in what age departed our most pious Pastor. But when the Lord willed his humble Servant [z], wearied now by a long age, whom he had always loved, to rest from labor, and to render him the reward of the heavenly homeland; that he who had long sweated in fighting against the devil, might without end receive rest by reigning with Christ, he imposed on him a modest weight of injury [aa]. Why do I delay longer? Although tears cover my eyes, that they cannot mark the little strokes; yet the hour has come of relating the death of the most holy Father. The peoples weeping, the Saints rejoicing, hedged about by choirs of angels, he penetrated the heavens, to reign with the Lord through the ages.

[14] The author's epilogue. I exhort all who pant to follow the footsteps of that most Blessed one, that they be not separated by the space of the length of the lands [bb]; let them incessantly adhere to the pavement, where his holy bones rest buried: let them run diligently to his sepulcher, imploring from him divine aid; that, by his interceding

merits the Lord Jesus Christ may give to all the faithful the understanding of his knowledge; that with him together all the priests, and the most devout people, redeemed by his precious blood, may merit to ascend the eternal kingdom, he himself helping, who with the Father and the Holy Spirit lives and reigns for ever and ever. Amen.

NOTES.

p. The forest of Perche, or the wood Perticus (commonly la forêt du Perche) in the province of the same name, between the Beauce and Normandy, was once famous, as Valois shows in the Notitia of the Gauls. The Clermont Ms. here inserts: But Theodoric king of the Burgundians pursued him sharply. But Lothair king of the Franks took to flight, as we said. At length Theodoric, not being able to seize him, devastating all things which were in his kingdom and giving them to the flames, came all the way to the city of Chartres. But hearing, etc.

q. See the Commentary num. 5.

r. St. Launomarus the abbot is believed to have foretold this calamity of this city, as may be seen in his Acts tom. 2 of January, page 234, num. 24: which if it is true, he certainly could not have said it to Malardus, as however is there asserted; since he was created bishop of the church of Chartres long afterward. But these things elsewhere, when we shall return to January.

s. Audura, now Arva (commonly Avre), a river dividing Normandy from France, on which sat Vilemeldis, or Villemeudis, Villemodis, or Villa mollis, commonly Villemeus. Consult the Notitia of the Gauls of Valois at the word Arva.

t. Clermont Ms.: The wondrous disposition of God almighty was present: for, a prayer being poured out, there were present to him, etc.

u. Solidi were gold coins, of which each was then valued at twenty silver denarii. See Du Cange.

x. The author regards the history of St. Paulinus bishop of Nola published by St. Gregory the Great, which so exercises the modern critics. We treated of it tom. 4 of June, page 230.

y. Clermont Ms.: At the city of Sens. It is indeed most known and archiepiscopal; but neither the certain time nor the acts of this council are known.

z. Clermont Ms.: But when the Lord had revealed to him the funeral of his passing, [and] wearied now by a long old age, etc.

aa. "Of injury," that is, I think, of inconvenience; the Saint therefore seems not to have been long sick before his death. Hence moreover down to the end the Clermont Ms. differs from the Chesne: for after these words "a modest weight of injury," it thus continues: The brethren finally being called together, he made known the dissolution of his body; and admonishing them, that they persist firm and constant in the faith of Christ, and so, the Viaticum being received, they weeping, the angels rejoicing, he passed to the Lord in the same city, on the first day of the Kalends of August. For before his death, etc., as I gave in the Commentary num. 2, down to "benefits of powers." To which are immediately subjoined the following: Let them run diligently to his sepulcher, not only the people of Chartres, but also the whole populace, imploring that divine aid be present from him, that they may merit to be freed from the enemy power, and to attain the heavenly kingdoms, our Lord Jesus Christ granting it, who with the eternal Father and the Holy Spirit lives and is glorified, God, through the infinite ages of ages. Amen.

bb. See what was said in the Commentary num. 2.

Clermont Ms. everywhere: Pabolus*.

that is, to be present (adesse*).

al. praefectum*.

* Clermont: both a parish and a place for himself etc.

* Clermont: but truly.

perhaps: non sit*.

* namely in Neustria.

* Clermont: dwelt in custody.

* i.e. bishop.

* Clermont: of the king.

* understand: the Neustrians.

* rather: of his father.

* Clermont Ms.: with thongs.

* Clermont Ms.: village.

* Clermont Ms.: of the captives.

* Clermont Ms.: which.

* Clermont Ms.: from heaven.

* Clermont Ms.: to cry out again.

* namely of Sens.