Jovinianus

ON ST. JOVINIANUS, LECTOR,

MARTYR AT AUXERRE IN GAUL.

Cent. III

Jovinianus, Lector, Martyr at Auxerre in Gaul (S.)

G. H.

[1] Among the Apostolic men, who by the command of Pope Sixtus II being sent into Gaul, announced the Gospel of Christ to the Auxerrians, were S. Peregrinus, held to be the first Bishop of the said city, whose Acts we illustrate on the day XVI of this month of May; S. Corcodemus the Deacon, of whom we have treated on the preceding day IV May; and S. Jovinianus the Lector and Martyr, on this day V of May reported in the ancient apographs of the Hieronymian Martyrology, Sacred Cult. and in the Lucensian and Blumian with these words: At Auxerre the passion of S. Juvenianus, Lector and Martyr. In the MS. Corbeian printed at Paris is read Juvinianus; but what differs more in the Epternacensis, Julianus. But we judge that this is a σφάλμα (slip) of the copyists. Usuard has these things: At Auxerre the passion of S. Jovinianus, Lector and Martyr. Similar things are read in Rabanus and Ado, and in very many MSS. Martyrologies of the best note; but the name, variously distorted, is written Jovinianus, Juvinianus, Juvenianus, Jovianus, Vivinianus, Vivianus, Romanus. His cult is also assigned in the ancient Breviaries of the Church of Auxerre.

[2] Some larger encomium we find in the ancient Martyrology of the Queen of Sweden, which we have judged to have pertained to the Fuldensian or some neighboring Church around the Rhine. There in the first place it is reported with these words: Encomium from the Martyrologies. At Auxerre the passion of S. Juvinianus, Lector and Martyr, who with B. Peregrinus the Bishop and Martyr, by the command of Pope Sixtus, coming to Auxerre; since he was a man eloquent in all things, and excellently learned in the divine Scriptures; while he stoutly resisted the superstitions of the Pagans, was seized; and persevering in the confession of Christ, was killed by them. Written in the passion of S. Peregrinus. These things there, which are read plainly the same in the MS. Ado of the Church of the Morini and of the Liège monastery of S. Lawrence, but the name is written Jovinianus and Jovianus. Another encomium and excerpted from that already related is read in the Martyrology of Galesinius, and the same variously enlarged in the Gallican Martyrology of Saussay, and by both is called Jovianus. The rest in the Acts

of S. Peregrinus are read, Another from him: Jovianus the Deacon. in which among his companions is assigned Jovianus the Deacon, and another from him Jovinianus the Lector and Martyr, of whom we now treat. In the Acts of S. Germanus Bishop of Auxerre, on the day XXXI of July, are reported two Subdeacons Alexander and Jovianus, and also Jovinianus the Lector. We have set these things forth more amply on the preceding day in the encomium of S. Carcodemus, from which it seems to be gathered that all were buried in the church of S. Amator. Notker on this day writes thus: At Auxerre the passion of S. Jovianus the Confessor: which whether it ought to be understood of Jovianus the Subdeacon, could be inquired.

[3] How long S. Jovinianus the Lector lived at Auxerre, and in what year he suffered, Relics perhaps at Bologna? is not clear. Masinus in the Bononia perlustrata on this V May relates that some relics of S. Jovinianus the Martyr are preserved at Bologna in the church of S. Francis among the Conventual Friars. But that they are of this Lector will not easily be demonstrated: more easily someone will suspect that they were brought from the Roman crypts, equally as many others, which we saw there in great number and in best order arranged in the year MDCLX, the Guardian promising that he would have authentic documents about them transcribed for us. But this has been neglected hitherto, although we have once and again taken care that it be sought from his successors. If hereafter described they be transmitted, it will be possible to treat of all together on some day of one out of the whole number of a more principal Saint, or rather on the anniversary day of the common translation, which we equally desire to be indicated to us with the Acts of the matter then transacted.

ON SS. EUTHYMIUS DEACON, LIKEWISE PETIVUS OR PETER DEACON,

MARTYRS AT ALEXANDRIA.

Euthymius, Deacon, Martyr at Alexandria (S.)

Petivus, or Peter, Deacon, Martyr at Alexandria (S.)

G. H.

Various things are recorded about these Saints: and first the apographs of the Hieronymian Martyrology thus inaugurate this day: On the third of the Nones of May Of Euthymius the Deacon and Martyr. Euthymius the Deacon. The MS. Blumianum at the end of the preceding day had reported the same. Truly, on this day, with the said words has him another ancient Corbeian MS., with no place of Martyrdom assigned, which in the MSS. Richenoviensis, Rhinoviensis, Carmelitan of Cologne, and others is named Alexandria. The same is indicated in Usuard, Ado, Notker, and in many MSS. with these words: At Alexandria of S. Eutymius the Deacon resting in prison. Martyr at Alexandria. Which are confirmed by Bellinus and Maurolycus and the present-day Roman Martyrology. With Ado alone cited Petrus de Natalibus composed this encomium book 4 chapter 132. Eutimus the Deacon and Martyr at the city of Alexandria, for the faith of Christ by infidels rivaling Christianity detained, and long ago in a prison-pit constrained with chains, and by hunger macerated, in confession sent forth his spirit on the III Nones of May. Galesinius adds the time and other circumstances in this manner: At Alexandria in Egypt of S. Euthymius the Deacon. He in the same Diocletian persecution thrust into prison for Christ, there worn out by the squalor, hunger and severity of custody, more vehemently confirmed in the confession of the faith, rendered up his soul to God. In the Notes he alleges the year from the birth of Christ CCCV, with Constantius V and Maximian V being Consuls, from a MS. and Usuard. Florentinius frequently observes in his Notations on the Hieronymian Martyrology, that the codex MS. usually cited by Galesinius, often errs and deceives; or certainly that he himself from conjecture adds many things about the time, place or other circumstances. In the MS. Tamlactense are had the names of Eutemus and Entimus, which seem to be supposed for the same.

[2] In the MS. Vallicellanum of the Congregation of the Oratory at Rome, and in another Vatican of S. Peter is thus read: At Alexandria of S. Anthimus the Deacon, By others called Anthymus. and is added in the MS. Patricianum, found at Naples among the collectanea of Antonius Caraccioli, resting in prison. Which things are to be understood of one and the same Martyr Deacon, by others Euthymius, also Eutimus, there Anthimus, as also when in other MSS. is written Eufanus and Eufemus.

[3] Another Deacon Martyr is suggested in the MS. codices of the Hieronymian Martyrology, Likewise Petivus the Deacon. when after S. Euthymius the Deacon, indicated without place of martyrdom, and another two bands of Martyrs being interposed, of whom we shall treat soon, these things are handed down in the Lucensian, Corbeian and Blumian MSS. At Alexandria of Petivus the Deacon. Which also are read in the MS. Barberinianum. But a bare mention of Petivus is had in Grevenus and in the MSS. Aquisgranensis and Parisiensis of Labbeus. By others Peter But in place of Petivus, is read the name of Peter the Deacon, in the MSS. Epternacensis and Augustanus and the Calendar of Aquileia. In the MS. Tamlactensis is reported Petivus and Peter. Whether each was crowned at Alexandria, let the reader judge. We just as we found, so also propose.

ON SS. IRENAEUS, PEREGRINUS, AND IRENE

MARTYRS AT THESSALONICA.

Irenaeus, Martyr at Thessalonica (S.)

Peregrinus, Martyr at Thessalonica (S.)

Irene, Martyr at Thessalonica (S.)

G. H.

The ancient Martyrology of S. Jerome, in its four apographs by us in the preceding and this month commonly cited, after S. Euthymius the Deacon being reported, has these things: At Thessalonica of Herenaeus, Peregrinus, Herena. The later Martyrologists agree, and add the kind of martyrdom. The kind of martyrdom, Of these Ado and Usuard and Notker have these things: At Thessalonica the natalis of SS. Hirenaeus and Peregrinus and Hirenes, burned in fires. In various exemplars are written without aspiration the names of Irenaeus and Irenes, as also is done in the present-day Roman Martyrology. In the MS. Barberino is made memory of Herenaeus and Herena of pilgrims, but we prefer Peregrinus himself, to be the proper name of the third Martyr. Thus with Irene omitted, are reported Herenaeus and Peregrinus, burned in fires, in various MSS. and in the Martyrology which Rosweyde, as if old Roman, edited. In other MSS. also Hirenaeus alone is mentioned.

[2] Petrus de Natalibus adorns the said Martyrs with this encomium: Hirenaeus and Peregrinus Martyrs and Hirene Virgin, adorned by Petrus de Natalibus. at the city of Thessalonica, while they had dared to attest the truth of the sacred faith; detained by the rage of the Pagans, and together burned in fires, received the palms of martyrdom, on the III Nones of May. These things there, with Ado cited, who relates only that they were burned in fires. More daring Galesinius, and by Galesinius. from these Martyrs thus inaugurates this day: III Nones of May. At Thessalonica in Macedonia of the blessed Martyrs Irenaeus, Peregrinus, and Hirene the Virgin: who under the Emperor Diocletian first openly confessed by voice the heavenly kingdom of Christ, then placed in fire, by an illustrious contest proved their faith. In the Notations are cited Ado, Equilinus, Bede and a MS., and he adds it being handed down, that they bore the crown of martyrdom in the year of Christ's birth ccc. So Galesinius, too easy in conjectures. There is wanting on this day the genuine Martyrology of Bede, but what under his name has been supposed, has only this: At Thessalonica the natalis of SS. Irenaeus and Peregrinus and Hyrenes, burned in fires: which were transcribed from Ado. Whether they suffered under Diocletian, and whether Irene is to be set down as a Virgin, is not sufficiently clear to us from Galesinius and Petrus de Natalibus, authors not sufficiently faithful. This perhaps appears better from the very ancient Patrician Martyrology, which we transcribed at Naples from the parchment codex of Father Antonius Caraccioli, Clerk Regular, in which these things are read. In the city of Macedonia… of S. Erina the Virgin and Martyr. In the MS. Tamlactensis are Erenneus and Herenna for Irenaeus and Irene above. Likewise there is Nonestinus, elsewhere unknown, perhaps placed for Peregrinus.

ON THE HOLY AFRICAN MARTYRS

GREGORY, ARCHELAUS AND FELICISSIMA.

Gregory, Martyr in Africa (S.)

Archelaus, Martyr in Africa (S.)

Felicissima, Martyr in Africa (S.)

G. H.

We proceed with the four ancient apographs of the Hieronymian Martyrology; in which these things are read. In Africa of Gregory, Archelaus, Felicissima. The MS. Richenoviense mentions Gregory alone as having suffered in Africa: the same have but are silent on the name of the place Grevenus and the MS. Aquisgranense. In place of Archelaus is written elsewhere Archilaus, Arcelaus, Arcilaus; and what differs most, the MS. Augustanum of S. Udalric writes the names Gregory, Aurelianus and Felicissimus, and interposes the same to others. In the Labbean MS. mention is made of Gregory and Felicissimus, but in place of Archelaus is placed elsewhere. We from the constant reading of the Hieronymian Martyrology retain Felicissima. In the MS. Tamlactense Martyrology are read the names Gregory, Archilaus and Felicissus, with the last syllable omitted.